Pancreatic involvement in celiac disease

Table 2 Mechanisms of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in celiac disease

No.
1	Impaired secretion of cholecystokinin and secretin from the diseased small bowel mucosa
2	Reduced amino acid uptake in the small bowel, which subsequently leads to reduction in precursors for synthesis of pancreatic enzymes
3	Morphologic alterations in pancreatic parenchyma secondary to protein malnutrition