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©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 7, 2022; 28(21): 2251-2281
Published online Jun 7, 2022. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i21.2251
Published online Jun 7, 2022. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i21.2251
Table 4 Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in hepatitis B virus infected patients
HCC surveillance in HBV-infected patients | ||
Western medical societies | ||
EASL, 2017 | High-risk-patients: (1) HBV cirrhotic patients; (2) HBV and F3 fibrosis; and (3) HBsAg-positive patient on NA treatment with a PAGE-B of ≥ 18 at the onset of therapy. Medium risk-patients: HBsAg-positive patient on NA treatment with a PAGE-B of 10 - 17 at the onset of therapy | Screening with US examination with or without AFP every 6 mo for medium and high-risk patients. No specific HCC screening needed for low-risk patients |
AASLD, 2018 | High-risk patients: (1) HBV cirrhotic patients; (2) Special population of HBsAg-positive adults: Asian or African men (> 40 yr) and Asian women (> 50 yr), first-degree family member with a history of HCC, HDV coinfected; and (3) HBsAg-positive children/adolescents with advanced F3 or cirrhosis and first-degree family member with HCC | Screening with US examination with or without AFP every 6 mo; if in areas where US is not readily available, screening with AFP every 6 mo |
Eastern medical societies | ||
JSH, 2014-2021 | Extremely-high-risk patients: HBV cirrhotic patients. High-risk patients: Special population of HBsAg positive patients: age ≥ 40, male, alcohol consumption, high HBV load, family history of HCC, HCV/HDV/HIV coinfection, F3 fibrosis, low platelet count associated with advanced fibrosis, genotype C, and core promoter mutation | Screening with US and tumor marker measurements (AFP, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II and AFP-lectin fraction 3) every 3-4 mo in the super-high-risk population. A 6-12 mo dynamic CT scan or dynamic MRI should be performed. Screening every 6 mo in high-risk populations |
APASL, 2016 | High-risk patients: All patients with HBV-related cirrhosis. HBsAg-positive without cirrhosis, based on the economic situation of each country and on the available risk scores | Surveillance by US and AFP should be performed every 6 mo and preferably every 3-4 mo in cirrhotic patients and those at high risk of HCC |
KLCSG, 2014-18 | High-risk patients: HBV cirrhotic patients; chronic hepatitis B patients | Screening with US examination with or without AFP every 6 mo. If liver US cannot be performed properly, liver dynamic CT or dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI can be performed |
- Citation: Stella L, Santopaolo F, Gasbarrini A, Pompili M, Ponziani FR. Viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma: From molecular pathways to the role of clinical surveillance and antiviral treatment. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28(21): 2251-2281
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v28/i21/2251.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v28.i21.2251