Development and external validation of models to predict acute respiratory distress syndrome related to severe acute pancreatitis

Table 1 Characteristics of non-severe acute pancreatitis and severe acute pancreatitis patients in derivation and validation cohort

Characteristic	Derivation cohort		P value	Validation cohort		P value
	non-SAP (n = 327)	SAP (n = 80)		non-SAP (n = 131)	SAP (n = 59)
Age (yr)	49.0 (36.0; 63.5)	46.0 (34.8; 62.2)	0.424	40.0 (32.0; 58.5)	44.0 (38.0; 53.0)	0.371
Female (%)	131 (40.1)	27 (33.8)	0.363	63 (48.1)	14 (23.7)	0.003
Weekend admission (%)	65 (19.9)	26 (32.5)	0.023	37 (28.2)	13 (22.0)	0.471
Etiology (%)			0.021			0.003
Biliary	113 (34.6)	31 (38.8)		54 (41.2)	11 (18.6)
Hypertriglyceridemia	113 (34.6)	36 (45.0)		44 (33.6)	21 (35.6)
Alcoholic	27 (8.26)	7 (8.75)		5 (3.82)	8 (13.6)
Others	74 (22.6)	6 (7.50)		28 (21.4)	19 (32.2)
Peritoneal irritation (%)	74 (22.6)	31 (38.8)	0.005	27 (20.6)	32 (54.2)	< 0.001
GCS < 15 (%)	2 (0.61)	5 (6.25)	0.004	3 (2.29)	7 (11.9)	0.011
Tem (℃)	36.6 (36.4; 37.0)	37.2 (36.5; 38.2)	< 0.001	37.0 (36.8; 37.4)	38.0 (37.5; 38.4)	< 0.001
SBP (KPa)	17.2 (15.9; 18.7)	16.4 (14.9; 18.8)	0.119	16.3 (15.2; 18.4)	16.8 (14.7; 19.5)	0.949
HR (bpm)	82.0 (76.0; 94.5)	118 (99.5; 132)	< 0.001	89.0 (79.0; 102)	110 (100; 130)	< 0.001
RR (bpm)	20.0 (18.0; 20.0)	22.0 (20.0; 28.2)	< 0.001	20.0 (18.0; 21.0)	23.0 (20.5; 29.5)	< 0.001
WBC (× 109/L)	11.6 (8.74; 15.2)	14.2 (10.2; 18.7)	0.001	12.4 (8.70; 15.6)	16.4 (12.2; 21.1)	< 0.001
HCT (%)	40.8 (37.5; 44.8)	43.6 (36.9; 48.4)	0.022	41.3 (37.8; 45.0)	42.9 (36.5; 49.0)	0.218
PLT (×109/L)	221 (178; 276)	192 (156; 274)	0.03	232 (196; 278)	202 (166; 264)	0.025
K (mmol/L)	3.90 (3.60; 4.25)	3.90 (3.50; 4.30)	0.817	3.90 (3.50; 4.10)	4.00 (3.50; 4.55)	0.074
Na (mmol/L)	137 (134; 140)	137 (132; 140)	0.909	137 (133; 140)	137 (133; 140)	0.664
Ca (mmol/L)	2.26 (2.13; 2.34)	1.96 (1.74; 2.16)	< 0.001	2.22 (2.08; 2.32)	1.93 (1.77; 2.10)	< 0.001
Cr (μmol/L)	67.0 (55.0; 80.0)	90.0 (70.8; 142)	< 0.001	61.0 (52.0; 77.0)	90.0 (62.5; 227)	< 0.001
BUN (mmol/L)	5.00 (3.88; 6.34)	7.06 (5.26; 10.4)	< 0.001	4.66 (3.32; 5.84)	6.67 (4.91; 14.2)	< 0.001
Glu (mmol/L)	8.00 (6.50; 12.9)	11.0 (7.45; 16.3)	< 0.001	8.70 (6.80; 11.8)	11.3 (8.05; 17.2)	0.004
Local complication (%)	104 (31.8)	73 (91.2)	< 0.001	66 (50.4)	55 (93.2)	< 0.001
ICU admission (%)	12 (3.67)	37 (46.2)	< 0.001	12 (9.16)	38 (64.4)	< 0.001
ICU stays (d)	0.00 (0.00; 0.00)	0.00 (0.00; 10.0)	< 0.001	0.00 (0.00; 0.00)	5.00 (0.00; 9.00)	< 0.001
Hospital stays (d)	10.0 (7.00; 14.0)	17.5 (8.75; 25.0)	< 0.001	9.00 (4.00; 15.0)	23.0 (15.0; 30.0)	< 0.001
Mortality (%)	0 (0.00)	3 (3.75)	0.007	1 (0.76)	4 (6.78)	0.033
qSOFA	0.00 (0.00; 0.00)	1.00 (0.00; 1.00)	< 0.001	0.00 (0.00; 1.00)	1.00 (0.00; 1.00)	< 0.001
SIRS	1.00 (0.00; 2.00)	3.00 (2.00; 3.00)	< 0.001	1.00 (0.00; 2.00)	3.00 (2.00; 3.00)	< 0.001
BISAP	1.00 (0.00; 1.00)	2.00 (2.00; 3.00)	< 0.001	1.00 (0.00; 2.00)	2.00 (2.00; 3.00)	< 0.001

SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; GCS: Glasgow coma score; Tem: Temperature; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; HR: Heart rate; RR: Respiratory rate; WBC: White blood cell; HCT: Hematocrit; PLT: Platelet; Cr: Creatine; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; Glu: Glucose; ICU: Intensive care unit; qSOFA: Quick sequential organ failure assessment; SIRS: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome; BISAP: Bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis.