Effect of ancient Khorasan wheat on gut microbiota, inflammation, and short-chain fatty acid production in patients with fibromyalgia

Table 3 Interleukins variations according to the provided diet

ILs (pg/mL)	CD0	CD1	P value	KD0	KD1	P value
IFN-γ	19.00 ± 28.35	22.67 ± 125.37	0.141	15.22 ± 10.43	15.76 ± 29.06	0.205
IL-1α	1958.84 ± 2650.46	2291.12 ± 3412.85	0.171	933.79 ± 1516.38	1683.52 ± 2538.99	0.187
IL-1β	136.84 ± 123.32	167.83 ± 157.13	0.171	127.99 ± 68.04	123.09 ± 100.29	0.485
IL-4	2.39 ± 5.31	2.64 ± 11.61	0.041	2.49 ± 1.76	2.04 ± 3.77	0.205
IL-17A	17.36 ± 20.39	29.67 ± 50.38	0.155	23.67 ± 12.83	26.03 ± 41.11	0.979

Data are showed as the median (interquartile range). P values were calculated using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. IFN: Interferon; IL: Interleukin; CD₀: Pre-control wheat diet; CD₁: Post-control wheat diet; KD₀: Pre-Khorasan wheat diet; KD₁: Post-Khorasan wheat diet.