Generic and disease-specific health-related quality of life in patients with Hirschsprung disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Differences in health-related quality of life scores in subgroup analyses

Factor associated with HRQoL		Cohen’s d [95%CI], P value1	Q value, P value2
Age	[0-12 yr]	d = -0.206 [-0.721, 0.310], P = 0.434	Q = 1.727, P = 0.422
	[12-16 yr]	d = 0.609 [-0.492, 1.711], P = 0.278
	[16+ yr]	d = -0.033 [-1.170, 1.103], P = 0.954
Type of questionnaire	PedsQL	d = -0.043 [-0.281, 0.195], P = 0.724	Q = 6.370, P = 0.041a
	TACQoL	d = -0.562 [-2.271, 1.147], P = 0.519
	CHQ-CF87	d = -0.412 [-0.575,-0.249], P < 0.001b
Reference data	Normative scores	d = 0.028 [-0.278, 0.334], P = 0.859	Q = 1.768, P = 0.184
	Selected controls	d = -0.793 [-1.965, 0.378], P = 0.184
Overall HRQoL scores	Reported overall HRQoL scores	d = -0.440 [-0.817,-0.063], P = 0.022a	Q = 4.078, P = 0.043a
	Constructed overall HRQoL scores	d = 0.245 [-0.303, 0.792], P = 0.381

¹The difference in scores between patients with Hirschsprung disease and normative or control groups was calculated for each study and expressed as the standardized difference in means (Cohen’s d) and aggregated across studies.

²A Q-test was done to test for significant heterogeneity between groups.

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01. HRQoL: Health-related quality of life.