Focal adhesion kinase-related non-kinase ameliorates liver fibrosis by inhibiting aerobic glycolysis via the FAK/Ras/c-myc/ENO1 pathway

Figure 3 Knockout of FRNK promotes liver fibrosis and aerobic glycolysis in vitro. A: After 36 h of culture with TGF-β1 (2 ng/mL), the migratory ability of primary hepatic stellate cells(pHSCs) was measured under a light microscope at × 200 magnification (10⁵ cells per well); B: The proliferation of pHSCs was assessed with a CCK-8 assay; C: The apoptosis of pHSCs was analyzed using flow cytometry after 36 h of intervention; D and E: pHSCs cultured under the same intervention conditions were examined for glucose uptake and consumption, and lactate levels in the cell culture medium were also assessed; F and G: MCT-1, ENO1 and α-SMA levels in pHSCs were assessed using Western blotting. Representative results from three independent replicate assays are shown. ^aP < 0.05 and ^bP < 0.01 Results are presented as the mean ± SD.