Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastroenterol. Mar 7, 2021; 27(9): 866-885
Published online Mar 7, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i9.866
Table 4 Patient demographics and medical characteristics of the subgroup for the analysis of noninvasive markers
Parameters
Control group (n = 15)
Crohn’s disease group (n = 28)
Ulcerative colitis group (n = 25)
P value
Women, n (%)11 (73)12 (43)16 (64)0.110
Age (yr), median (IQR)57 (37-63)36 (26-58)41 (33-56)0.158
Disease duration (yr), median (IQR)6 (2-12.5)9 (3-10.5)0.521
Age at diagnosis (yr)
A1; A2; A3, n (%)3 (11); 14 (50); 11 (39)5 (20); 15 (60); 5 (20)0.269
Disease behavior
B1; B2; B3, n (%)16 (57); 4 (14); 8 (29)--
Disease location
L1; L2; L3/E1; E2; E3, n (%)5 (18); 9 (32); 14 (50)5 (20); 12 (48); 8 (32)-
Perianal disease, n (%)5 (18)--
EIM, n (%)4 (14)2 (8)0.391
PSC, n (%)1 (3.6)3 (12)0.263
Previous surgery, n (%)9 (32)1 (4.0)0.010
Medical therapy, n (%)
Biologicals10 (36)2 (8.0)0.017
Immunosuppressants18 (64)5 (20)0.001
Steroids8 (29)1 (4.0)0.019
Salicylates6 (21)14 (56)0.010
Clinically active, n (%)13 (46)21 (84)0.005
Endoscopically active, n (%)23 (82)17 (68)0.191
Histologically active, n (%)14/22 (64)4/14 (29)0.043
Beta-glucan, µg/mL26 (8-43)79 (30-183)23 (9-69)0.0003a
LBP, pg/mL19.2 (16.4-22.7)27.3 (24.3-28.6)21.8 (19.8-24.6)0.002b
Zonulin, pg/mL16.4 (15.3-17.1)17.6 (16.6-19.0)17.2 (16.6-18.7)0.09
IL-17 (102), pg/mL0.04 (0.0-1.50)0.08 (0.0-1.75)0.00 (0.00-0.60)0.2479
IFN-gamma, pg/mL0.00 (0.00-0.690)0.021 (0.00-0.66)0.25 (0.001-0.92)0.5276
TNF-alpha (102), pg/mL0.00 (0.00-1.00)0.10 (0.00-7.80)0.00 (0.00-20.01)0.9004
IL-10, pg/mL0.00 (0.00-0.00)0.00 (0.00-4.56)1.35 (0.00-3.66)0.4801
IL-6, pg/mL3.27 (2.38-9.05)5.70 (0.31-35.73)4.35 (2.28-15.91)0.4149
IL-4, pg/mL0.055 (0.00-6.81)0.00 (0.00-0.087)0.00 (0.00-1.31)0.2597
IL-2, pg/mL0.00 (0.00-0.052)0.00 (0.00-0.010)0.00 (0.00-0.04)0.9204
In pairwise comparisons:
a,bCrohn’s disease > Control. Values are presented as number (percentage) or median (IQR: Interquartile range); age at diagnosis: A1, < 17; A2, 17-40; A3, > 40; Disease behavior in Crohn’s disease: B1: Inflammatory; B2: Fibrostenosing; B3: Penetrating; Disease location in Crohn’s disease: L1: Ileal; L2: Colonic; L3: Ileo-colonic; Disease location in ulcerative colitis: E1: Proctitis; E2: Left sided colitis; E3: Extensive colitis; EIM: Extraintestinal manifestations; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; LBP: Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein.