Progressive liver injury and increased mortality risk in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study in China

Table 2 Outcomes for 440 patients of coronavirus disease 2019, stratified by severity of cumulative liver abnormality or injury

	All patients (n = 440)	Normal cumulative LB (n = 186)	Cumulative LBA (n = 185)	Cumulative ALI (n = 69)	Cumulative LBAI (n = 254)	P value1
Outcomes
Discharge	304 (69.1)	166 (54.6)	117 (38.5)	21 (6.9)	138 (45.4)	< 0.00012
Death	98 (22.3)	11 (11.2)	45 (45.9)	42 (42.9)	87 (88.8)
Still in hospital	38 (8.6)	9 (23.7)	23 (60.5)	6 (15.8)	29 (76.3)
ICU admission	91 (20.7)	11 (12.1)	45 (49.5)	35 (38.5)	80 (88.0)	< 0.0001
Time from illness onset to hospital admission (median, IQR), d	438	19 (11 to 35)	13 (9 to 19)	11 (8 to 16)	12 (9 to 18)	< 0.0001
Hospital stay time (median, IQR), d	402	12 (6 to 22)	19 (11 to 29)	17 (8 to 28)	19 (10 to 29)	< 0.0001
Time from illness onset to death (median, IQR), d	93	19 (9 to 26)	23 (16 to 33)	28 (18 to 33)	25 (17 to 33)	0.037
Time from illness onset to discharge (median, IQR), d	303	40 (32 to 49)	40 (34 to 51)	42 (31 to 51)	40 (34 to 50)	0.088
Time from illness onset to last day of follow-up (median, IQR), d	37	61 (52 to 66)	59 (49 to 64)	58 (52 to 67)	59 (51 to 65)	0.689
Time from illness onset to ICU admission (median, IQR), d	90	15 (13 to 25)	18 (11 to 30)	19 (14 to 26)	18 (12 to 26)	0.478
Duration of viral shedding after illness onset (median, IQR), d	298	33 (24 to 42)	30 (25 to 38)	26 (21 to 36)	30 (24 to 38)	0.172

Data are presented as n (%).

¹Comparison of the characteristics between normal cumulative liver biochemistry and cumulative liver biochemical abnormality or injury was calculated by Pearson's chi-square test for outcomes and a nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test was used for time.

²Comparison of the distribution of disease outcomes (discharge, death, and still in hospital) between normal cumulative liver biochemistry and cumulative liver biochemical abnormality or injury. COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; LB: Liver biochemistry; LBA: Liver biochemical abnormality; LBAI: Liver biochemical abnormality or injury; ALI: Acute liver injury; ICU: Intensive care unit; IQR: Interquartile.