Combination of squamous cell carcinoma antigen immunocomplex and alpha-fetoprotein in mid- and long-term prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma among cirrhotic patients

doi:10.3748/wjg.v27.i48.8343

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Dec 28, 2021 (publication date) through Feb 21, 2025

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Dec 28, 2021; 27(48): 8343-8356
Published online Dec 28, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i48.8343

Table 1 Characteristics of included patients

	Global (n = 203)	Italian (n = 62) (Estimation cohort)	Spanish (n = 141) (Validation cohort)	Univariable analysis
Gender (Male)	73.4% (149/203)	74.2% (46/62)	73.0% (103/141)	0.865
mean age (yr)	57.93 ± 9.76	55.77 ± 10.51	58.87 ± 9.22
Etiology				0.001
Alcohol	54.2% (110/203)	41.9% (26/62)	59.6% (84/141)
HCV	27.1% (55/203)	38.7% (24/62)	22.0% (31/141)
HBV	8.4% (17/203)	16.1% (10/62)	5% (7/144)
Others	10.3% (21/203)	3.2% (2/62)	13.5% (19/141)
Child-Pugh				0.340
A	74.9% (152/203)	64.5% (40/62)	79.4% (112/141)
B	21.2% (43/203)	27.4% (17/62)	18.4% (26/141)
C	3.9% (8/203)	8.1% (5/62)	2.1% (3/141)
AST (IU/mL)	51.69 ± 38.49	69.17 ± 47.74	44.50 ± 31.44	0.001
ALT (IU/mL)	42.54 ± 38.68	61.09 ± 56.11	34.91 ± 25.16	0.000
Tot. Bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.60 ±1.87	1.94 ± 2.87	1.45 ± 1.22	0.215
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.86 ± 0.68	0.98 ± 1.21	0.81 ± 0.22	0.292
Platelets (× 10⁹/mL)	116.00 ± 58.10	100.53 ± 43.11	122.45 ± 62.32	0.005
Albumin (mg/dL)	3885.19 ± 586.66	3810.34 ± 613.79	3916.34 ± 574.96	0.248
AFP (ng/mL)	8.09 ± 17.50	12.00 ± 25.43	6.69 ± 12.82	0.101
SCCA-IgM (AU/mL)	249.13 ± 332.01	197.73 ± 431.13	271.73 ± 276.35	0.144
Two-year HCC (Yes)	10.8% (22/203)	12.9% (8/62)	9.9% (14/141)	0.530
Five-year HCC (Yes)	23.2% (47/203)	21.0% (13/62)	24.1% (34/141)	0.625

Comparisons between groups were made using the Mann-Whitney U test or the Student t-test for continuous variables, and the χ²test or the Fisher’s exact test for categorical data. P values represent the statistical signiﬁcance of the differences between both subsets. Data are expressed as numbers of patients (%) or mean ± SD. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; SCCA-IgM: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen and its immune complexes; Child-Pugh: The Child–Turcotte–Pugh score or Child Criteria; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Citation: Gil-Gómez A, Rojas Á, Liu CH, Gallego-Duran R, Muñoz-Hernandez R, Fassina G, Pontisso P, Ampuero J, Romero-Gómez M. Combination of squamous cell carcinoma antigen immunocomplex and alpha-fetoprotein in mid- and long-term prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma among cirrhotic patients. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27(48): 8343-8356
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v27/i48/8343.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v27.i48.8343