Enteric nervous system and inflammatory bowel diseases: Correlated impacts and therapeutic approaches through the P2X7 receptor

Table 1 Specific variations in cell number and neuronal profile area according to the respective chemical code observed in the submucosal plexus of the enteric nervous system

Ref.	Species	Colitis	Time	Submucosal plexus
				Cellular chemical code (change in density compared to healthy tissues, %)	Cellular chemical code (change in profile area compared to healthy tissues, %)
Schneider et al[169]	Human	Crohn’s disease	6.1±6,3 years	ChAT, nNOS, SP, and NSE (similar to); VIP (> 16%-CT)	N/A
Sigalet et al[170]	Rat	TNBS-50% ethanol	5 d	PGP9.5 (<)1; VIP (<)1; S100 β (<)1	N/A
da Silva et al[130]	Rat	TNBS-30% ethanol	24 h	P2X7 (< 21%-CT; < 13%-sham) ; Calret (< 11.7%-CT; < 8%-sham); Calb (< 34%-CT; < 30%-sham); HuC/D (< 33.4%-CT; < 28%sham); S100β (< 44.2%-CT; < 33%-sham)	Calbindin (< 25%-CT/sham)

¹Count change without percentage information.

TNBS: 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid; N/A: Not applicable; (<): Cell count/area decreased; (>): Cell count/area increased; ir: immunoreactive; CT: Control group; Sham: Sham group; P2X7: P2X7 receptor; ChAT: Acetylcholine transferase enzyme-ir; nNOS: Neuronal nitric oxide synthase enzyme-ir; Calret: Calretinin-ir; Calb: Calbindin-ir; SP: Substance P-ir; VIP: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-ir; HuC/D and PGP9. 5: Pan neuronal-ir; NSE: Neuron-specific enolase-ir; S100β: Protein β for calcium S100-ir labeling.