Copyright
©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 7, 2021; 27(45): 7771-7783
Published online Dec 7, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i45.7771
Published online Dec 7, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i45.7771
Table 2 Histological features of early and late chronic T cell-mediated rejection according to the Banff schema[2]
Structure | Early CR | Late CR |
Small bile ducts (< 60 μm) | (1) Degenerative changes involving the majority of ducts: Eosinophilic transformation of the cytoplasm; Increased nucleus: Cytoplasm ratio; nuclear hyperchromasia; uneven nuclear spacing; ducts only partially lined by biliary epithelial cells; and (2) Bile duct loss in < 50% of the portal tracts | (1) Degenerative changes in remaining bile ducts; and (2) Loss in > 50% of the portal tracts |
Terminal hepatic venules and zone 3 hepatocytes | (1) Intimal/luminal inflammation; (2) Lytic zone 3 necrosis and inflammation; and (3) Mild perivenular fibrosis | (1) Focal obliteration; (2) Variable inflammation; and (3) Severe (bridging) fibrosis |
Portal tract hepatic arterioles | Occasional loss involving < 25% of the portal tracts | Loss involving > 25% of the portal tracts |
Other | So-called "transition" hepatitis with spotty necrosis of hepatocytes | Sinusoidal foam cell accumulation and marked cholestasis |
Large perihilar hepatic artery branches | Intimal inflammation and focal foam cell deposition without luminal compromise | (1) Luminal narrowing by subintimal foam cells; and (2) Fibrointimal proliferation |
Large perihilar bile ducts | Inflammation damage and focal foam cell deposition | Mural fibrosis |
- Citation: Angelico R, Sensi B, Manzia TM, Tisone G, Grassi G, Signorello A, Milana M, Lenci I, Baiocchi L. Chronic rejection after liver transplantation: Opening the Pandora’s box. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27(45): 7771-7783
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v27/i45/7771.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v27.i45.7771