Role of cell-free network communication in alcohol-associated disorders and liver metastasis

Figure 3 Exosome-mediated functions in the pre-metastatic niche. The role of tumor-derived exosomes along the establishment and progression of metastatic disease. Extracellular vesicle cargo can be involved in the initiation and regulation of cancer by promoting immune responses, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix modulation, stromal cell changes and metastatic organotropism. EVs: Extracellular vesicles; Tspan8: Tetraspanin-8; MMP2: Matrix metallopeptidase 2; MMP9: Matrix metallopeptidase 9; EGFR VIII: Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III; ZFAS1: ZNFX1 antisense RNA1; ECM: Extracellular matrix.