Short-term and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic vs open ileocolic resection in patients with Crohn's disease: Propensity-score matching analysis

Table 1 Patient demographic and clinical characteristics

	All patients			Propensity-score matched patients
	Open (n = 211)	Laparoscopy (n = 137)	P	Open (n = 102)	Laparoscopy (n = 102)	SMD
Age (yr)	29.2 ± 9.7	29.2 ± 9.0	0.976	28.8 ± 9.0	28.6 ± 8.7	-0.026
Gender, male	153 (72.5)	95 (69.3)	0.546	78 (76.5)	72 (70.6)	-0.134
BMI (kg/m2)	18.8 ± 3.2	18.9 ± 2.8	0.822	19.0 ± 3.3	18.9 ± 2.8	-0.041
Any smoking history	41 (19.4)	33 (24.1)	0.348	21 (20.6)	20 (19.6)	-0.025
Previous abdominal surgery	23 (10.9)	10 (7.3)	0.349	10 (9.8)	8 (7.8)	-0.069
Montreal classification
Behavior			< 0.001			-0.044
Inflammatory (B1)	2 (0.1)	2 (1.5)		2 (2.0)	2 (2.0)
Stricturing (B2)	38 (17.5)	52 (38.0)		30 (29.4)	26 (25.5)
Penetrating (B3)	172 (82.0)	83 (60.6)		70 (68.6)	74 (72.5)
Location			0.218			-0.060
Terminal ileal (L1)	68 (32.2)	50 (36.5)		36 (35.3)	37 (36.3)
Colonic (L2)	10 (4.7)	2 (1.5)		6 (5.9)	2 (2.0)
Ileocolic (L3)	133 (63.0)	85 (62.0)		60 (58.8)	63 (61.8)
Disease duration (mo)	49.8 ± 50.9	68.1 ± 59.3	0.003	61.5 ± 57.4	67.0 ± 57.8	0.095
Perianal CD	103 (48.8)	57 (41.6)	0.226	45 (44.1)	45 (44.1)	0.000
Family history of CD	5 (2.4)	5 (3.6)	0.523	4 (3.9)	4 (3.9)	0.000
Extra-intestinal CD manifestation	31 (14.7)	18 (13.1)	0.754	13 (12.7)	10 (9.8)	-0.093
Comorbidity	21 (10.0)	5 (3.6)	0.036	2 (2.0)	4 (3.9)	0.116
Hypertension	4 (1.9)	0 (0.0)	0.157	1 (1.0)	0 (0.0)
Diabetes mellitus	2 (0.9)	1 (0.7)	1.000	0 (0.0)	1 (1.0)
Others	15 (7.1)	5 (3.6)	0.239	1 (1.0)	4 (3.9)
ASA score, 3-4	7 (3.3)	2 (1.5)	0.397	3 (2.9)	2 (2.0)	2
Emergency	17 (8.1)	9 (6.6)	0.680	6 (5.9)	7 (6.9)	0.040
Preoperative data
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	11.5 ± 1.5	11.5 ± 1.9	0.780	11.4 ± 1.4	11.4 ± 1.8	0.037
Albumin (g/dL)	3.1 ± 0.5	3.2 ± 0.5	0.140	3.1 ± 0.5	3.2 ± 0.5	0.075
Transfusion	40 (19.0)	26 (19.0)	1.000	22 (21.6)	20 (19.6)	2
Preoperative medications
Steroids	44 (20.9)	25 (18.2)	0.584	22 (21.6)	15 (14.7)	-0.179
Immuno-modulators	96 (45.5)	67 (48.9)	0.583	48 (47.1)	50 (49.0)	0.039
Biologics	29 (13.7)	26 (19.0)	0.229	17 (16.7)	16 (15.7)	-0.027
Indication for surgery			< 0.001
1Fistula versus others	83 (39.3)	34 (24.8)	0.022	33 (32.4)	32 (31.4)	0.021
2Obstruction versus others	39 (18.5)	54 (39.4)	< 0.001	31 (30.4)	26 (25.5)	-0.042

¹Fistula and obstruction were both selected in some patients.

²These variables were excluded from the propensity-score matched set because of the small numbers.

Results are reported as mean ± SD or as number (%). SMD: Standardized mean difference; BMI: Body mass index; CD: Crohn’s disease; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.