Understanding the immune response and the current landscape of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer

Table 6 Clinical trials on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using adoptive cell transfer

National clinical trial number	Sample	Phase	Settings	Drug	Results
NCT00570713	155	II	Unresectable First-line	MORb-009 Gemcitabine	Combination: OS 6.5 m (95%CI: 4.5-8.10); Placebo plus Gemcitabine: OS 6.9 m (95%CI: 5.4-8.8)
NCT01935843	10	I/II	Advanced (PDAC and other tumors Her2-positive) ≥ Second line	Her2-specific CAR-T cells	OS 4.8 m (95%CI: 1.5-8.3)
NCT01781520	47	I/II	Advanced; Any line	DC-CIK Chemoterapy S-1	DC-CIK + Chemotherapy S-1: OS 7 m DC-CIK alone: OS 4.2 m; Chemotherapy S-1 alone: OS 4.7 m; Supportive care only: OS 1.73 m
Aoki et al, Cytotherapy 2017; 19: 473-485	48	I	Adjuvant	Gemcitabine; Autologous γδ; T-cell transfer	PFS 26 m (no statistical diference); OS No statistical difference
NCT01959672	11	I/II	Neoadjuvant	Gemcitabine; Leucovorin-Fluorouracil; Oregovomab; Nelfinavir + SBRT	Prematurely closed; PFS 8.6 m; OS 13 m (95%CI: 7-22)
NCT00720785	40	I	Metastatic (PDAC and other tumors) ≥ Second line	Irreversible electroporation (IRE); Allogeneic natural killer cell therapy	No results posted
NCT04212026	67	I	Metastatic ≥ Second line	Irreversible electroporation; Allogeneic natural killer cell therapy	Stage III PFS 9,1 m (IRE-NK) vs 7.9 m (IRE); Stage III OS 13.6 m (IRE-NK) vs 12.2 m (IRE); Stage IV OS 10.2 m (IRE-NK) vs 9.1 m (IRE)
NCT01583686	6	I	Metastatic ≥ Second line	Mesothelin-CART	2 patients stabilized diseasePFS patient 1: 3.8 mPFS patient 2: 5.4 m

CAR: chimeric antigen receptor; DC-CIK: dendritic cell-activated cytokine-induced killer cell; IRE: irreversible electroporation; OS: overall survival; NK: natural killer; PFS: progression-free survival; SBRT: stereotactic body radiation therapy.