Understanding the immune response and the current landscape of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer

Table 2 Clinical trials on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma combining immunotherapy and chemotherapy

National clinical trial number	Sample	Phase	Settings	Drug	Results
NCT01473940	21	I	Advanced; Metastatic; Any line	Ipilimumab; Gemcitabine	OS 8,5 m (95%CI: 2.2-10.3)
NCT00556023	34	I	Metastatic Chemotherapy naïve	Tremelimumab Gemcitabine	OS 7.4 m (95%CI: 5.8-9.4)
NCT02331251	81	I/II	Metastatic (PDAC and other tumors) Chemotherapy naïve	Pembrolizumab; Nab-Paclitaxel Gemcitabine	OS 15 m (95%CI: 6.8-22.6)
Beatty et al, Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19: 6286–6295	22	I	Advanced; First line	CD40 agonist (CP-870893); Gemcitabine	PFS 5.2 m (95%CI: 1.9-7.4); OS 8.4 m (95%CI: 5.3-11.8); 1-y OS 28.6%
NCT01413022	47	I	Borderline; Locally advanced Chemotherapy naïve	CCR2 inhibitor (PF-04136309); FOLFIRINOX	Combination arm: 49% OR Chemotherapy arm: 0% OR
NCT02268825	39	I	Advanced; Metastatic (gastrointestinal malignancies) ; Any line	Pembrolizumab mFOLFOX	No results posted
NCT02309177	138	I	Advanced; Metastatic (PDAC and other tumors); Any treatment naive	Nivolumab; Nab-Paclitaxel Gemcitabine	No results posted
NCT02077881	98	I/II	Metastatic; First line	IDO inhibitor (indoximod); Nab-Paclitaxel; Gemcitabine	No results posted
NCT04045730	17	I/II	Metastatic First line	Gemcitabine; Nab-Pacliatxel; Pembrolizumab	PFS 9.1 m (95%CI: 4.9-13.3); OS 15 m (95%CI: 6.8-23)
NCT03214250	30	I	Metastatic; First line	Gemcitabine; Nab-Paclitaxel; Nivolumab; CD40 (agonistic monoclonal antibody) APX005M (sotigalimab)	Ongoing
NCT02826486	80	II	Metastatic; Any line	BL-8040; Pembrolizumab; Pegylated liposomal Irinotecan + 5FU	Disease Control Rate 34.5%; OS: 3.3 m Patients receiving study drugs as second-line therapy: 7.5 m

OS: Overall survival; PDAC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PFS: Progression-free survival; OR: Objective response.