Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning among donors and recipients following pediatric liver transplantation: A randomized clinical trial

Table 2 Donor demographics and preoperative and intraoperative characteristics

	DR-RIPC, n = 51	D-RIPC, n = 51	R-RIPC, n = 51	S-RIPC, n = 55	P value
Demographics
Sex, male/female	15/36	22/29	20/31	18/37	0.463
Age in yr	31 (27, 36)	29(26, 32)	30 (27, 34.5)	29 (26, 33.5)	0.299
Weight in kg	59.0 ± 8.7	61.9 ± 10.8	58.7 ± 10.8	58.8 ± 10.7	0.427
Height in cm	163.0 (159.5, 168.0)	162.0 (158.0, 171.0)	162.0 (160.0, 169.5)	162.0 (160.0, 167.5)	0.983
Preoperative biochemical data
ALT in U/L	14.0 (12.0, 18.0)	15.0 (11.0, 21.0)	15.0 (11.0, 21.0)	13.0 (11.5, 16.5)	0.282
AST in U/L	17.0 (15.5, 20.0)	18.0 (15.5, 21.0)	18.0 (14.5, 21.5)	17.0 (15.0, 20.0)	0.850
TB in mmol/L	10.8 (8.9, 13.5)	11.4 (9.5, 15.7)	11.0 (8.0, 12.2)	10.8 (8.8, 12.8)	0.414
ALB in g/L	46.6 ± 4.3	47.1 ± 3.6	46.5 ± 2.7	46.8 ± 3.0	0.473
Intraoperative characteristics
Time of anesthesia in min	195.0 (164.0, 217.0)	199.0 (181.0, 218.5)	190.0 (162.0, 217.0)	193.0 (180.5, 229.0)	0.428
Time of surgery in min	156.5 ± 35.9	165.7 ± 43.2	156.4 ± 38.0	161.5 ± 41.3	0.758
Transfusion volume in mL	1650.0 (1250.0, 2000.0)	1750.0 (1250.0, 2000.0)	1750.0 (1250.0, 2000.0)	1750.0 (1250.0, 1750.0)	0.936
Bleeding in mL	50.0 (40.0, 80.0)	50.0 (50.0, 100.0)	50.0 (35.0, 100.0)	50.0 (50.0, 100.0)	0.138
Urine in mL	400.0 (300.0, 450.0)	400.0 (300.0, 500.0)	400.0 (300.0, 475.0)	400.0 (300.0, 500.0)	0.983

Variables are shown as “mean ± SD” or “median (25% quartile, 75% quartile)”. ALB: Albumin; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; D-RIPC: Donors received remote ischemic preconditioning; DR-RIPC: Both donors and recipients received remote ischemic preconditioning; R-RIPC: Recipients received remote ischemic preconditioning; S-RIPC: Remote ischemic preconditioning with no intervention; TB: Total bilirubin.