Preoperative maximal voluntary ventilation, hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes and platelets predict postoperative survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Table 2 Association of maximal voluntary ventilation and hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes and platelets score with basic clinical factors, n (%)

Variable	MVV			HALP score
	≥ 85.2	< 85.2	P value	≥ 38.8	< 38.8		P value
Gender			< 0.001				< 0.001
Male	404 (97.1)	105 (25.1)		319 (66.2)	190 (54.0)
Female	12 (2.9)	313 (74.9)		163 (33.8)	162 (46.0)
Age at diagnosis in yr			< 0.001				0.035
< 60	250 (60.1)	149 (35.6)		246 (51.0)	153 (43.5)
≥ 60	166 (39.9)	269 (64.4)		236 (49.0)	199 (56.5)
Smoking history			< 0.001				0.107
No	108 (26.0)	326 (78.0)		239 (49.6)	195 (55.4)
Yes	308 (74.0)	92 (22.0)		243 (50.4)	157 (44.6)
Drinking history			< 0.001				0.082
No	209 (50.2)	365 (87.3)		320 (66.4)	254 (72.2)
Yes	207 (49.8)	53 (12.7)		162 (33.6)	98 (27.8)
Tumor length in cm			0.013			< 0.001
< 4	175 (42.1)	212 (50.7)		249 (51.7)	138 (39.2)
≥ 4	241 (57.9)	206 (49.3)		233(48.3)	214 (60.8)
Tumor location			0.037			0.733
Upper	75 (18.0)	65 (15.5)		85 (17.6)	55 (15.6)
Middle	257 (61.8)	292(69.9)		315 (65.4)	234 (66.5)
Lower	84 (20.2)	61 (14.6)		82 (17.0)	63 (17.9)
Differentiation			0.490			0.183
Well	15 (3.6)	22 (5.3)		16 (3.3)	21 (6.0)
Moderate	229 (55.1)	230 (55.0)		267 (55.4)	192 (54.5)
Poor	172 (41.3)	166 (39.7)		199 (41.3)	139 (39.5)
Invasion depth			0.366			0.001
pT1	47 (11.3)	61 (14.6)		69 (14.3)	39 (11.1)
pT2	122 (29.3)	118 (28.2)		158 (32.8)	82 (23.3)
pT3	247 (59.4)	239 (57.2)		255 (52.9)	231 (65.6)
Lymph node metastasis			0.163			0.672
pN0	242 (58.2)	252 (60.3)		290 (60.2)	204 (57.9)
pN1	107 (25.7)	83 (19.8)		112 (23.2)	78 (22.2)
pN2	53 (12.7)	68 (16.3)		64 (13.3)	57 (16.2)
pN3	14 (3.4)	15 (3.6)		16 (3.3)	13 (3.7)
TNM stage			0.541			0.084
I	45 (10.8)	55 (13.2)		62 (12.9)	38 (10.8)
II	232 (55.8)	222 (53.1)		273 (56.6)	181 (51.4)
III	139 (33.4)	141 (33.7)		147 (30.5)	133 (37.8)
Surgical approach			0.478			0.718
Left	374 (89.9)	382 (91.4)		435 (90.2)	321 (91.2)
Right	42 (10.1)	36 (8.6)		47 (9.8)	31 (8.8)
Treatment type			0.001			0.353
Surgery	305 (73.3)	345 (82.5)		370 (76.8)	280 (79.5)
Surgery + adjuvant RT/CT	111 (26.7)	73 (17.5)		112 (23.2)	72 (20.5)
Overall complications			0.243			0.525
No	334 (80.3)	349 (83.5)		391 (81.1)	292 (83.0)
Yes	82 (19.7)	69 (16.5)		91 (18.9)	60 (17.0)

CT: Chemotherapy; HALP: Hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes and platelets; MVV: Maximal voluntary ventilation; RT: Radiotherapy; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis.