Preoperative maximal voluntary ventilation, hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes and platelets predict postoperative survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Variable	Cases
	n	%
Gender
Male	509	61.0
Female	325	39.0
Age at diagnosis in yr
Median (interquartile range)	60 (55-65)
Smoking history
No	434	52.0
Yes	400	48.0
Drinking history
No	574	68.8
Yes	260	31.2
Tumor length (cm)
Median (interquartile range)	4.0 (3.0-5.0)
Tumor location
Upper	140	16.8
Middle	549	65.8
Lower	145	17.4
Differentiation
Well	37	4.5
Moderate	459	55.0
Poor	338	40.5
Invasion depth
pT1	108	12.9
pT2	240	28.8
pT3	486	58.3
Lymph node metastasis
pN0	494	59.2
pN1	190	22.8
pN2	121	14.5
pN3	29	3.5
TNM stage
I	100	12.0
II	454	54.4
III	280	33.6
Surgical approach
Left	756	90.6
Right	78	9.4
Treatment type
Surgery	650	77.9
Surgery + adjuvant RT/CT	184	22.1
MVV
Median (interquartile range)	85.1 (68.5-96.6)
HALP score
Median (interquartile range)	43.2 (31.6-55.4)
Overall complications
No	683	81.9
Yes	151	18.1

CT: Chemotherapy; HALP: Hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes and platelets; MVV: Maximal voluntary ventilation; RT: Radiotherapy; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis.