Hepatitis B virus persistent infection-related single nucleotide polymorphisms in HLA regions are associated with viral load in hepatoma families

Table 1 Factors associated with persistent hepatitis B virus infection in the hepatocellular carcinoma family cohort

	HBsAg
Category	Positive	Negative	OR (95%CI)	Adjusted OR (95%CI)1	P value	Adjusted P value2
Total family members, n	301	424
Age in yr, mean ± SD	44.23 ± 13.84	41.25 ± 14.97	1.018 (1.007-1.03)	1.017 (1.006-1.028)	0.0013	0.0030
Sex, n (%)
Male	182 (60.47)	203 (47.88)	1.641 (1.279-2.107)	1.57 (1.225-2.011)	0.0001	0.0004
Female	119 (39.53)	221 (52.12)	1	1
Index sex, n (%)
Male	226 (75.08)	309 (72.88)	1.207 (0.726-2.006)	1.147 (0.681-1.93)	0.4685	0.6061
Female	75 (24.92)	115 (27.12)	1	1
Relation to index, n (%)
Children and grandchildren	146 (48.50)	319 (75.24)	1	1
Parent generation	7 (2.33)	15 (3.54)	0.7 (0.302-1.622)	1.472 (0.533-4.065)	0.4059	0.4559
Index generation	148 (49.17)	90 (21.23)	3.203 (2.282-4.498)	4.861 (2.923-8.083)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Index status, n (%)
HBsAg-	70 (23.26)	257 (60.61)	1	1
HBsAg+	231 (76.74)	167 (39.39)	4.913 (3.209-7.522)	5.928 (3.747-9.377)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Mother’s status, n (%)
HBsAg-	85 (28.24)	239 (56.37)	1	1
HBsAg+	91 (30.23)	45 (10.61)	3.31 (1.894-5.783)	3.296 (1.891-5.746)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
Unknown	125 (41.53)	140 (33.02)	2.305 (1.568-3.39)	1.87 (1.202-2.91)	<.0001	0.0055
SGPT, mean ± SD	49.98 ± 65.39	25.83 ± 24.92	1.017 (1.011-1.022)	1.015 (1.009-1.020)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
rs477515 (MAF = 0.1552) Chr6: 326019141
TT (reference)	5 (1.66)	20 (4.72)
TC	59 (19.60)	116 (27.36)
CC	237 (78.74)	288 (67.92)	1.377 (1.036-1.831)	1.38 (1.034-1.842)	0.0274	0.0285
rs9272105 (MAF = 0.4282) Chr6: 326322221
GG (reference)	54 (17.94)	84 (19.86)
GA	137 (45.51)	207 (48.94)
AA	110 (36.54)	132 (31.21)	1.054 (0.859-1.293)	1.031 (0.844-1.261)	0.6126	0.7639
rs9276370 (MAF = 0.1159) Chr6: 327395181
GG (reference)	3 (1.00)	13 (3.07)
GT	39 (12.96)	97 (22.88)
TT	259 (86.05)	314 (74.06)	1.790 (1.258-2.547)	1.759 (1.228-2.519)	0.0012	0.0021
rs7756516 (MAF = 0.1166) Chr6: 327561401
CC (reference)	3 (1.00)	13 (3.07)
CT	42 (13.95)	95 (22.41)
TT	256 (85.05)	316 (74.53)	1.654 (1.166-2.346)	1.612 (1.123-2.313)	0.0048	0.0096
rs9277535 (MAF = 0.3234) Chr6: 330870841
AA (reference)	21 (6.98)	61 (14.39)
AG	114 (37.87)	191 (45.05)
GG	166 (55.15)	172 (40.57)	1.519 (1.204-1.916)	1.493 (1.182-1.886)	0.0004	0.0008

¹Genome build GRCH38.

²Adjusted for sex and age. HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; MAF: Minor allele frequency; SGPT: Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase; CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio.