Evaluation of biomarkers, genetic mutations, and epigenetic modifications in early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

Table 2 Analysis of tumor biological marker in the serum of pancreatic cancer patients

Tumor marker	Normal level	PC patients with elevated levels of tumor markers	PC patients with normal levels of tumor markers	P value for PC patients with elevated levels vs normal levels
CA19-9	< 37 U/mL	33	17	0.05
TPS	< 80 U/L	32	18	0.05
CEA	< 5 ng/mL	48	02	0.003
VEGF-A	31.2-2000 pg/mL	48	02	0.003
EGFR	62.5-4000 pg/mL	0	50	0.001

PC: Pancreatic cancer; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; TPS: Tissue polypeptide specific antigen; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; VEGF-A: Vascular endothelial growth factor-A; EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor.