Fluorescent cholangiography: An up-to-date overview twelve years after the first clinical application

Table 3 Recruiting randomized controlled trials using indocyanine green fluorescence cholangiography

Study coordinator; NCT No.	Participating country	No. of patients	Period study	Published data	Main outcome	Controlled group	Dose indocyanine green	Dosing time	Conversion to open surgery	Bile duct injury
Dip et al[32]; NCT 02702843	United States	639	April 2016	Ann Surg 2020	Identification of biliary anatomy	White light	0.05 mg/kg	> 45 min prior to surgery	One patient for bleeding	No
Lehrskov et al[50]; NCT 02344654	Denmark	120	March 2015-August 2018	Br J Surg 2020	Visualization of the critical junction	Intraoperative cholangiogram	0.05 mg/kg	After intubation	No	No
van den Bos et al[61]; NCT 02558556	The Netherlands	308	January 2016	Ongoing	Time to achieve critical view of safety	White light	2.5 mg	After intubation	NA	NA
Koong et al[60] ; NCT04228835	Malaysia	63	March2017-July 2019	Asian J Surg 2021	Time to achieve critical view of safety	White light	2.5 mg	Before induction of anesthesia	No	No

NA: Not available.