Helicobacter pylori eradication: Exploring its impacts on the gastric mucosa

Table 1 Major features of the eight trials examining for histological parameters

Ref.	Study arm, n		Follow-up, yr	Medication	Methods	Histologic parameter
	Eradicated	Not eradicated			1 = OS	AG						IM
					2 = RCT	Antrum			Corpus			Antrum			Corpus
						Before	After	P value	Before	After	P value	Before	After	P value	Before	After	P value
Sung et al[34]	226	245	1	OAC	2	0.64 ± 0.78	0.70 ± 0.82	P = 0.627	0.06 ± 0.31	0.02 ± 0.18	P = 0.682	0.78 ± 0.98	0.61 ± 0.94	P = 0.014	0.04 ± 0.32	0.06 ± 0.30	P = 0.391
Annibale et al[39]	25	7	0.5	BAM	1	0.56 ± 0.24	0.5 ± 0.2	NS	1.64 ± 0.11	1.36 ± 0.18	NS	0.58 ± 0.25	0.53 ± 0.23	NS	0.52 ± 0.13	0.76 ± 0.16	NS
Ohkusa et al[40]	115	48	1-1.25	PPI/A/C	1	0.8 ± 1	At 1–3 mo: 0.8 ± 1	P > 0.2	0.5 ± 0	At 1–3 mo: 0.3 ± 0	P = 0.020	0.7 ± 0	At 1–3 mo: 0.6 ± 0	P = 0.14	0.0 ± 0.0	At 1–3 mo: 0.2 ± 0	P = 0.022
							At 12–15 mo: 0.9 ± 1	P = 0.15		At 12–15 mo: 0.2 ± 0	P = 0.001		At 12–15 mo: 0.4 ± 0	P < 0.001		At 12–15 mo: 0.1 ± 0	P > 0.2
Lu et al[33]	92	62	3	O/LAC	1	1.25 ± 0.44	0.97 ± 0.83	P < 0.01	NA	NA	NA	0.64 ± 0.76	0.73 ± 0.77	NS	NA	NA	NA
Kang et al[41]	210	16	3	PPI/A/C	1	0.85 ± 0.06	1 yr: 0.83 ± 0.06	NS	0.70 ± 0.07	1 yr: 0.42 ± 0.06	P < 0.001	0.91 ± 0.07	1 yr: 0.83 ± 0.06	NS	0.60 ± 0.07	1 yr: 0.54 ± 0.06	NS
	54	16	3	PPI/A/C	1	0.96 ± 0.14	3 yr: 1.32 ± 0.20	NS	0.91 ± 0.20	3 yr: 0.45 ± 0.15	P = 0.033	1.02 ± 0.14	3 yr: 1.29 ± 0.14	NS	0.68 ± 0.15	3 yr: 0.83 ± 0.14	NS
Kodama et al[42]	118	21	8.6	PPI/A/C	1	1.60 ± 0.09	1.02 ± 0.08	P < 0.001	0.71 ± 0.10	0.02 ± 0.02	P < 0.001	0.60 ± 0.11	0.43 ± 0.09	NS	0.17 ± 0.12	0.00 ± 0.00	P < 0.05
Kodama et al[43]	176	21	10	PPI/A/C	1	AI: 1.39 ± 0.07	6 yr: 0.90 ± 0.09	P < 0.05	B1: 1.08 ± 0.08	1 yr: 0.78 ± 0.11	P < 0.05	A1: 1.14 ± 0.10	NA	NS	B1: 0.97 ± 0.09	6y: 0.42 ± 0.17	P < 0.05
						A2: 1.39 ± 0.06	1 yr: 1.06 ± 0.08	P < 0.01	B2: 0.52 ± 0.06	0.6 mo: 0.29 ± 0.07	P < 0.05	A2: 0.50 ± 0.07	NA	NS	B2: 0.13 ± 0.04	NA	NS
						IA: 1.51 ± 0.08	1 yr: 1.24 ± 0.09	P < 0.05				A1: 1.04 ± 0.09	NA	NS
Hwang et al[44]	442	91	10	PPI/A/C E/A/C/M	1	n = 178	n = 89 (50.0)	P = 0.002	n = 105	n = 72 (68.8)	P = 0.01	n = 221	n = 45 (20.4)	P = 0.002	n = 142	n = 31 (21.8)	P = 0.01

A: Amoxicillin; A1: Lesser curvature of the antrum; A2: Greater curvature of the antrum; B1: Lesser curvature of the corpus; B2: Greater curvature of the corpus; B: Bismuth subcitrate; C: Clarithromycin; E: Esomeprazole; GA: Gastric atrophy; IA: Lesser curvature of the angulus; IM: Intestinal metaplasia; L: lansoprazole; M: Metronidazole; NA: Not applied; NS: Not significant; O: Omeprazole; OS: Observational study; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; data are presented as n (%) or the median ± standard deviation or mean ± SE/median.