Comparative study on artificial intelligence systems for detecting early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma between narrow-band and white-light imaging

Table 3 Comparison of the improvement of endoscopists under computer-assisted detection-white-light imaging and computer-assisted detection-narrow-band imaging

	2nd phase CAD-WLI assistance	3rd phase CAD-NBI assistance	P value
Sensitivity, % (95%CI)
All, n = 20	86.4 (83.1-89.6)	83.1 (79.6-86.6)	0.162
Experienced, n = 4	96.8 (94.4-99.2)	95.7 (91.8-99.5)	0.454
Mid-level, n = 8	84.5 (80.0-89.0)	82.6 (79.4-85.9)	0.435
Junior, n = 8	83.0 (79.3-86.6)	77.3 (74.9-79.7)	0.008
Specificity, % (95%CI)
All, n = 20	88.7 (86.5-90.8)	94.4 (93.0-95.8)	0.000
Experienced, n = 4	94.5 (87.9-100)	97.2 (93.6-100)	0.310
Mid-level, n = 8	85.9 (84.3-87.4)	92.6 (90.7-94.5)	0.000
Junior, n = 8	88.6 (85.1-92.1)	94.9 (92.5-97.2)	0.003
Accuracy, % (95%CI)
All, n = 20	87.7 (85.5-89.9)	89.7 (87.8-91.5)	0.156
Experienced, n = 4	95.5 (92.4-98.6)	96.5 (93.6-99.4)	0.469
Mid-level, n = 8	85.3 (83.1-87.5)	88.4 (87.1-89.7)	0.012
Junior, n = 8	86.2 (84.2-88.3)	87.5 (86.0-89.0)	0.261
PPV, % (95%CI)
All, n = 20	84.9 (82.2-87.5)	91.6 (89.7-93.6)	0.000
Experienced, n = 4	93.0 (85.1-100)	96.1 (91.4-100)	0.325
Mid-level, n = 8	81.3 (79.4-83.2)	89.2 (86.7-91.7)	0.000
Junior, n = 8	84.4 (80.5-88.2)	91.8 (88.4-95.2)	0.004
NPV, % (95%CI)
All, n = 20	90.1 (87.9-92.3)	88.7 (86.5-90.9)	0.361
Experienced, n = 4	97.7 (96.0-99.3)	96.9 (94.2-99.6)	0.465
Mid-level, n = 8	88.5 (85.6-91.4)	88.1 (86.2-89.9)	0.755
Junior, n = 8	87.8 (85.6-90.1)	85.2 (83.9-86.5)	0.031

CAD: Computer-assisted detection; CI: Confidence interval; NBI: Narrow-band imaging; NPV: Negative predictive value; PPV: Positive predictive value; WLI: Whit-light imaging.