Y-box binding protein 1 augments sorafenib resistance via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 3 Y-box binding protein 1 suppresses apoptosis induced by sorafenib treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. A-D: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and flow cytometry were employed to analyze apoptosis in the cells infected with empty lentivirus vector as a negative control (Lv-NC) ± sorafenib vs lentivirus with Y-box binding protein 1 (Lv-YB-1) ± sorafenib groups; E, F: Western blot analysis showed cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) protein expression in the Lv-NC ± sorafenib/Lv-YB-1 ± sorafenib groups. Cleaved PARP protein levels (normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH)) were measured by scanning densitometry. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001 vs the indicated groups. DAPI: 4’6’-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride.