Minimally invasive image-guided therapy of primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer

Table 1 Studies evaluating intraoperative pancreas radiofrequency ablation

Ref.	Study type	Patients	Outcome measure	Results	Complica-tions
Giardino et al[16], 2013	Retrospective	107	OS	RFA 1st line: 14.7 mo RFA + adjuvant: 25.6 mo	Mortality: 1.8%; morbidity: 28%
Girelli et al[18], 2013	Prospective	100	OS and DSS	20 and 23 mo	Mortality 3%; morbidity 24%
Girelli et al[14], 2010	Prospective	50	Safety and feasibility	-	Mortality 2%; morbidity 24%
Spiliotis et al[15], 2007	Retrospective	25	OS	OS: 33 mo1	Mortality: 0%; morbidity: 23%
Wu et al[13], 2006	Prospective	16	Pain relief	50% pain relief	90-d mortality: 25%;
Matsui et al[12], 2000	Prospective	29	OS	OS: 3 mo	Mortality: 10%

¹Mean value. OS: Overall survival; DFS: Disease-free survival; PFS: Progression-free survival; DSS: Disease-specific survival.