Update on the association of hepatitis B with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Is there new evidence?

Table 1 Summary of epidemiological studies evaluating hepatitis B virus infection and risk of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Ref.	Study design	Region	Dates	Source	Age (yr)	Gender (% male)	Cases		Controls		OR (95%CI) for HBV infection
							Total	With exposure (%)	Total	With exposure (%)
Petrick et al[4], 2017	Case-control	United States	2000-2011	Population	78.0	46.6	2092	25 (1.2)	323615	1200 (0.4%)	2.97 (1.97-4.46)
Choi et al[5], 2016	Case-control	United States	2000-2014	Hospital	60.6	42.9	1169	10 (0.95)	4769	8 (0.2%)	12.9 (2.69-61.61)
Huang et al[6], 2017	Case-control	Taiwan area of China	2003-2009	Population	67.7	52.1	4695	138 (2.9)	46942	513 (1.1%)	2.23 (1.80-2.76)
Lee et al[7], 2015	Case-control	South Korea	2007-2013	Hospital	67.8	50.4	83	19 (22.9)	166	9 (5.4%)	4.58 (2.00-10.50)
Chaiteerakij et al[8], 2013	Case-control	United States	2000-2010	Hospital	61.2	50.3	612	3 (0.5)	594	3 (0.5%)	0.97 (0.20-4.80)
Chang et al[9], 2013	Case-control	China	2004-2008	Population	NR	56.1	2978	257 (8.6)	11912	229 (1.9%)	4.9 (4.1-5.9)
Wu et al[10], 2012	Case-control	China	2002-2008	Hospital	57.9	62.1	23	12 (52.2)	52	2 (3.9%)	38.9 (7.52-201.04)
Wu et al[11], 2012	Case-control	China	1998-2010	Hospital	58.7	55.9	102	28 (22.5)	809	27 (3.3%)	10.52 (5.94-18.62)
Peng et al[12], 2011	Case-control	China	2002-2009	Hospital	53.8	60.2	98	31 (31.6)	196	25 (12.8%)	2.75 (1.27-5.95)
Welzel et al[13], 2011	Case-control	United States	1994-2005	Population	76.4	52.5	743	11 (1.5)	195953	442 (0.2%)	3.07 (1.43-6.58)
Tao et al[14], 2010	Case-control	China	1998-2008	Hospital	58.7	60.7	61	17 (27.9)	380	19 (5.0%)	7.3 (3.1-17.2)
Zhou et al[15], 2010	Case-control	China	2003-2006	Hospital	53.1	70.3	317	154 (48.6)	634	42 (6.6%)	9.67 (6.33-14.77)
Lee et al[16], 2009	Case-control	Taiwan area of China	1991-2005	Hospital	61.5	63.1	160	60 (37.5)	160	22 (13.8%)	4.99 (2.78-8.95)
Lee et al[17], 2008	Case-control	South Korea	2000-2004	Hospital	60.7	69.1	622	84 (13.5)	2488	125 (5.0%)	2.3 (1.6-3.3)
Zhou et al[18], 2008	Case-control	China	2004-2006	Hospital	53.2	66.0	312	151 (48.4)	438	42 (9.6%)	8.88 (5.97-13.19)
Shaib et al[19], 2007	Case-control	United States	1992-2002	Hospital	59.8	55.4	83	1 (1.2)	236	1 (0.4%)	2.9 (0.1-236.8)
Choi et al[20], 2006	Case-control	South Korea	2003-2004	Hospital	64.0	62.2	51	4 (7.8)	51	5 (9.8%)	0.8 (0.19-3.02)
Shaib et al[21], 2005	Case-control	United States	1993-1999	Population	78.7	51.7	625	1 (0.2)	90834	182 (0.2%)	0.8 (0.1-5.9)
Yamamoto et al[22], 2004	Case-control	Japan	1991-2002	Hospital	64.6	58.0	50	2 (4.0)	205	5 (2.5%)	1.84 (0.34-10.11)
Donato et al[23], 2001	Case-control	Italy	1995-2000	Hospital	65.0	80.8	23	3 (13.0)	824	45 (5.5%)	2.7 (0.4-18.5)
Tanaka et al[24], 2010	Cohort	Japan	1991-1993	Population	40-60	54.4	9.08/100000 p-yrs		0.66/100000 p-yrs		8.56 (1.33-55.20)
Fwu et al[25], 2011	Cohort	Taiwan area of China	1983-2000	Population	28.29	0	0.43/100000 p-yrs		0.09/100000 p-yrs		4.80 (1.88-12.20)

Hepatitis B virus infection status was identified by positive serum Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), unless reported otherwise. Cohort studies reported incidence rates of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma per 100000 HBsAg seropositive person-years (p-yrs). CI: Confidence interval; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; iCCA: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; NR: Not reported; OR: Odds ratio.