Feasibility of totally laparoscopic gastrectomy without prophylactic drains in gastric cancer patients

Table 4 Postoperative complications

	All patients			Propensity-matched patients
Complication, n	Drain (n = 76), n (%)	No drain (n = 49), n (%)	P value	Drain (n = 42), n (%)	No drain (n = 42), n (%)	P value
Total	12(15.8)	5 (10.2)	0.374	8 (19.0)	4 (9.5)	0.212
Clavien–Dindo grade II	4 (5.2)	2 (4.0)		3 (7.2)	1 (2.4)
Incision	1 (1.3)	1 (2.0)		0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
System complications	1 (1.3)	1 (2.0)		1 (2.4)	1 (2.4)
Abdominal effusion	2 (2.6)	0 (0.0)		2 (4.8)	0 (0.0)
Clavien–Dindo grade III	8 (10.6)	3 (6.0)		5 (12)	3 (7.2)
Duodenal stump leakage	2 (2.6)	0 (0.0)		2 (2.4)	0 (0.0)
Anastomotic Leakage	2 (2.6)	0 (0.0)		0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Intra-abdominal bleeding	1 (1.3)	0 (0.0)		1 (2.4)	0 (0.0)
Intra-abdominal abscess	3 (3.9)	2 (4.0)		2 (2.4)	2 (2.4)
Pleural effusion	0 (0.0)	1 (2.0)		0 (0.0)	1 (2.4)
Mortality	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1

PCD: Percutaneous catheter drainage.