Acute kidney injury and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis

Table 1 A brief overview of the consensus definitions of acute kidney injury

Criteria	Stage	Definition
RIFLE criteria/ADQI in 2004[15]		At least 1.5 × baseline serum creatinine within 7 d, decrease in urine output of 0.5 mL/kg/h for 6 h, decrease in GFR of at least 25%
	Stage 1 (R)	1.5 × baseline Cr, GFR decrease of 25%, UOP < 0.5 mL/kg/h for 6-12 h.
	Stage 2 (I)	2 × baseline serum creatinine, decrease of GFR < 50%, UOP < 0.5 mL/kg/h for 12 h
	Stage 3 (F)	3 × baseline serum creatinine, decrease of GFR of 75%, UOP < 0.3 mL/kg/h for 24 h, anuria for 12 h, or on RRT acutely
Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) in 2007[16]		Definition: increase of at least 0.3 mg/dL in last 48 h, 1.5 × baseline creatinine in last 48 h, or UOP < 0.5 mL/kg/h for at least 6 h
	Stage 1	Increase of 0.3 mg/dL w/in 2 d, 1.5-2 × baseline serum creatinine within 2 d, or UOP < 0.5 mL/kg/h for 6-12 h
	Stage 2	2-3 × baseline serum Cr, UOP < 0.5 mL/kg/h for at least 12 h
	Stage 3	3 × baseline serum Cr, UOP < 0.3 mL/kg/h for 24 h, anuria for 12 h, on RRT
Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) in 2012[17]		Increase in sCr of at least 0.3 mg/dL within 48 h, increase of at least 1.5 × baseline in the last 7 d, or urine output < 0.5 mL/kg/h for at least 6 h
	Stage 1	Increase of 0.3 mg/dL, 1.5-2 × baseline Cr, UOP < 0.5 mL/kg/h for 6-12 h
	Stage 2	2-3 × baseline serum Cr or UOP < 0.5 mL/kg/h for at least 12 h
	Stage 3	3 × baseline serum Cr, increase of 0.5 mg/dL above absolute level of 4.0 mg/dL, on RRT, UOP < 0.3 mL/kg/h for 24 h, or 12 h of anuria

GFR: Glomerular kidney function; UOP: Urine output; RRT: Renal replacement therapy; ADQI: Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative; Cr: Creatinine.