PPARGC1A rs8192678 G>A polymorphism affects the severity of hepatic histological features and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and controls

Variables	NAFLD (n = 59)	Controls (n = 93)	P value
Sex (M/F)	43/16	59/34	0.227
Age (year)	38.20 ± 13.78	42.20 ± 11.05	0.039
BMI (kg/m2)	27.31 ± 3.31	23.06 ± 2.74	< 0.0001
ALT (U/L)	70.56 ± 47.6	24.98 ± 16.07	< 0.0001
GGT (U/L)	72.75 ± 55.22	25.94 ± 18.17	< 0.0001
ALP (U/L)	97.07 ± 44.73	96.50 ± 32.54	0.347
TC (mmol/L)	4.86 ± 0.86	4.39 ± 0.89	0.001
TG (mmol/L)	1.99 ± 1.25	1.14 ± 0.74	< 0.0001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.20 ± 0.28	1.23 ± 0.28	0.177
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.83 ± 0.7	2.24 ± 0.50	< 0.0001
FBG (mmol/L)	5.93 ± 2.62	5.31 ± 0.79	0.941
UA (μmol/L)	361.32 ± 105.78	274.25 ± 76.53	< 0.0001
CAP (dB/m)	313 (277-351)	212 (172-232)	< 0.0001
LSM (kPa)	7.7 (5.6-12)	5.25 (4.1-7.0)	< 0.0001
Hypertension, n (%)	22 (37.29%)	15 (16.13%)	0.003
T2DM, n (%)	7 (11.86%)	1 (1.08%)	0.005
Obesity, n (%)	41 (69.49%)	19 (20.43%)	< 0.0001
Steatosis (S, n)
S1/S2/S3	25/25/9	/	/
Activity (A, n)
A0/A1/A2/A3/A4	1/12/16/22/8	/	/
Fibrosis (F, n)
F0/F1/F2/F3/F4	11/29/8/7/4	/	/

The data are expressed as mean ± SD, or as n (%) for normally distributed variables and as median (interquartile range) when distribution of the variable was skewed. NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI: Body mass index; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; GGT: γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; UA: Uric acid; LSM: Liver stiffness measurement; CAP: Controlled attenuation parameter; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.