Effect of type 2 diabetic mellitus in the prognosis of acute-on-chronic liver failure patients in China

Table 1 Demographic characteristics and clinical features of the patients between diabetic mellitus and non-diabetic mellitus

	DM (yes) (n = 38)	DM (no) (n = 184)	P value
Age (yr)	56.32 ± 14.23	49.16 ± 12.84	0.002
Gender, n (%)			0.309
Male	28 (73.68)	149 (80.98)
Female	10 (26.32)	35 (19.02)
Cause of disease, n (%)			0.201
Hepatitis B virus	26 (68.42)	139 (75.54)
Hepatitis B virus + other	5 (13.16)	20 (10.87)
Alcohol	2 (5.26)	15 (8.15)
Others	5 (13.16)	10 (5.44)
WBC (109/L)	6.17 ± 4.03	7.35 ± 3.58	0.07
RBC (1012/L)	3.68 ± 0.87	3.94 ± 0.84	0.084
Hb (g/L)	117.21 ± 24.71	121.95 ± 23.13	0.257
PLT (109/L)	100.34 ± 42.20	118.79 ± 59.09	0.069
PT (s)	23.01 ± 5.38	24.45 ± 6.95	0.229
INR	1.97 ± 0.45	2.10 ± 0.59	0.229
ALT (U/L)	396.08 ± 448.56	560.36 ± 693.06	0.163
AST (U/L)	365.95 ± 391.18	419.99 ± 513.42	0.541
γ-GGT (U/L)	174.16 ± 305.61	137.57 ± 127.33	0.231
TBIL (μmol/L)	320.71 ± 141.31	309.56 ± 134.00	0.644
ALB (g/L)	29.25 ± 4.51	30.73 ± 4.03	0.045
Scr (μmol/L)	56.37 ± 22.00	63.45 ± 27.28	0.134
BUN (mmol/L)	3.94 ± 2.65	4.25 ± 2.98	0.56
TCHO (mmol/L)	2.67 ± 0.81	2.65 ± 1.05	0.919
TG (mmol/L)	1.45 ± 0.67	1.26 ± 0.70	0.124
Na+ (mmol/L)	136.98 ± 3.97	136.86 ± 4.43	0.878
K+ (mmol/L)	3.90 ± 0.46	4.08 ± 0.58	0.072
AMON (μmol/L)	64.40 ± 40.39	71.60 ± 41.85	0.332
AFP (ng/mL)	118.63 ± 202.80	128.19 ± 192.02	0.784
BMI (kg/m2)	24.99 ± 3.32	22.78 ± 3.03	< 0.001
FBG (mmol/L)	5.34 ± 1.87	3.83 ± 1.07	< 0.001
Scoring systems
CTP	10.79 ± 1.49	10.40 ± 1.35	0.115
MELD	19.38 ± 4.52	20.74 ± 5.06	0.128
MELD-Na	20.89 ± 5.00	22.27 ± 6.84	0.239
Death, n (%)	25 (65.79)	69 (37.5)	0.001

γ-GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; AFP: Alpha fetal protein; ALB: Albumin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AMMON: Ammonia; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; DM: Diabetic mellitus; FBG: Fasting blood-glucose; HB: Hemoglobin; INR: International normalized ratio; K⁺: Kalium; MELD: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; MELD-Na: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease with serum sodium; Na⁺: Natriumion; PLT: Platelet count; PT: Prothrombin time; Scr: Serum creatinine; TBIL: Total bilirubin; TCHO: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; RBC: Red blood cell; WBC: White blood cell.