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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 7, 2021; 27(21): 2795-2817
Published online Jun 7, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i21.2795
Table 16 Medications and constipation
Ref.LocationSample size Age range (yr)Definition of constipationMedicationsPrevalence (%)Odds ratio (95%CI)P value
Fosnes et al[54], 2011Norway4622 31-76Rome IIDigoxin; GTN; Furosemide; Atorvastatin; Tibolone; Levothyroxine; IbuprofenNRNR0.025; 0.015; 0.001; 0.037; 0.038; < 0.001; 0.001
Talley et al[49], 1993 United States690 30-64 Rome IAspirin > 7 tabs/wk31.12.6 (1.2, 5.7)< 0.05
Chang et al[46], 2007United States52330-64Rome III Paracetamol; Aspirin; NSAIDs 25.3; 23.0; 26.61.50 (0.91, 2.47) 1.67 (1.04, 2.70) 1.80 (1.09, 2.98)NS; < 0.05; < 0.05