Potential risk factors for constipation in the community

Table 10 Fluid and constipation

Ref.	Location	Sample size	Age range (yr)	Definition of constipation	Fluid intake per day	Prevalence (%)	Odds ratio (95%CI)	P value
Rey et al[55], 2014	Spain	1500	> 18	Rome III	7 glasses or less; 8-9 glasses; 10-11 glasses; 12-14 glasses; 15 glasses or more	21; 20; 19; 18; 16	NR	< 0.01
Chang et al[46], 2007	United States	523	30-64	Rome III	No coffee; Coffee	18.7; 17.8	1.00; 0.94 (0.5, 1.77)	NS

NR: Not reported; NS: Not significant.