State of machine and deep learning in histopathological applications in digestive diseases

Figure 4 General overview of approaches. Overview of general machine learning - and deep learning-based approaches covered in the sections of this review are presented here. Whole-slide image (WSI) hematoxylin and eosin and Synthetic immunofluorescence (IF) WSI images in the Synthetic immunohistochemistry/IF Generation pipeline. Citation: Burlingame EA, McDonnell M, Schau GF, Thibault G, Lanciault C, Morgan T, Johnson BE, Corless C, Gray JW, Chang YH. SHIFT: speedy histological-to-immunofluorescent translation of a tumor signature enabled by deep learning. Sci Rep 2020; 10: 17507. Copyright© The Authors 2020. Published by Springer Nature. TIL: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; NASH CRN: Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; IF: Immunofluorescence; H&E: Hematoxylin and eosin; WSI: Whole-slide image; GAN: General adversarial network.