Real-world disease activity and sociodemographic, clinical and treatment characteristics of moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease in Brazil

Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical features of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients by geographic region of Brazil

	Total		Southeast		South		Northeast/Midwest
	CD (n = 264)	UC (n = 143)	CD (n = 196)	UC (n = 94)	CD (n = 34)	UC (n = 21)	CD (n = 34)	UC (n = 28)
Age (yr)	41.0 [20-72]	45.0 [19-84]	41.0 [21-72]	44.0 [20-78]	37.5 [20-67]	44.0 [19-66]	41.0 [24-68]	51.0 [26-84]
Female	143 (54.2)	81 (56.6)	111 (56.6)	54 (57.4)	14 (41.2)	9 (42.9)	18 (52.9)	18 (64.3)
Disease duration (yr)	10.0 [0.5-45.0]	10.0 [0.5-31.0]	11.0 [1.0-45.0]	10.0 [0.5-31.0]	8.0 [1.0-30.0]	14.0 [1.0-29.0]	9.0 [1.0-31.0]	6.0 [1.0-22.0]
Age at diagnosis (yr)	29.0 [12-70]	34.0 [14-70]	28.0 [12-70]	33.0 [15-64]	29.0 [18-63]	32.0 [14-64]	42.0 [20-70]	32.0 [18-60]
Educational level1
Not literate	3 (1.4)	0 (0.0)	2 (1.2)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (4.3)	0 (0.0)
Primary school	52 (25.1)	38 (38.8)	47 (29.2)	26 (39.4)	3 (13.0)	2 (12.5)	2 (8.7)	10 (62.5)
Secondary school	83 (40.1)	37 (37.7)	66 (41.0)	26 (39.4)	5 (21.7)	6 (37.5)	13 (56.5)	5 (31.3)
Higher education	69 (33.3)	23 (23.5)	46 (28.6)	14 (21.2)	15 (65.2)	8 (50.0)	7 (30.4)	1 (6.2)
Missing	57	45	35	28	11	5	11	12
Professional situation
Employed	101 (44.3)	53 (42.7)	77 (44.0)	32 (40.5)	13 (54.2)	13 (72.2)	11 (37.9)	8 (29.6)
Unemployed	61 (26.8)	33 (26.6)	44 (25.1)	21 (26.6)	4 (16.7)	3 (16.7)	13 (44.8)	9 (33.3)
Retired	30 (13.2)	15 (12.1)	24 (13.7)	11 (13.9)	5 (20.8)	0 (0.0)	1 (3.4)	4 (14.8)
Student	10 (4.4)	5 (4.0)	8 (4.6)	3 (3.8)	2 (8.3)	1 (5.6)	0 (0.0)	1 (3.7)
Other	26 (11.4)	18 (14.5)	22 (12.6)	12 (15.2)	0 (0.0)	1 (5.6)	4 (13.8)	5 (18.5)
Missing	36	19	21	15	10	3	5	1
Health system
Public	197 (74.6)	110 (76.9)	159 (81.1)	82 (87.2)	11 (32.4)	3 (14.3)	27 (79.4)	25 (89.3)
Private	67 (33.3)	33 (23.1)	37 (18.9)	12 (12.8)	23 (67.6)	18 (85.7)	7 (20.6)	3 (10.7)
Family history of IBD	33 (12.5)	15 (10.5)	27 (13.8)	10 (10.6)	3 (8.9)	3 (14.3)	3 (8.8)	2 (7.1)
Smoking habits2
Current smoker	24 (9.9)	3 (2.3)	20 (10.5)	3 (3.3)	3 (10.7)	0 (0.0)	1 (4.3)	0 (0.0)
Former smoker	47 (19.4)	38 (28.8)	30 (15.7)	21 (23.1)	10 (35.7)	5 (26.3)	7 (30.4)	12 (54.5)
Never smoked	171 (70.7)	91 (68.9)	141 (73.8)	67 (73.6)	15 (53.6)	14 (73.7)	15 (65.2)	10 (45.5)
Missing	22	11	5	3	6	2	11	6
Any EIM3	54 (37.8)	30 (38.0)	41 (38.7)	21 (42.0)	6 (25.0)	4 (25.0)	7 (53.8)	5 (38.5)
Use of steroids4
Steroid dependent	31 (14.8)	23 (19.3)	21 (13.8)	9 (11.8)	6 (19.4)	11 (55.0)	4 (15.4)	3 (13.0)
Steroid refractory	16 (7.7)	11 (9.2)	10 (6.6)	7 (9.2)	2 (6.5)	2 (10.0)	4 (15.4)	2 (8.7)
No previous use	87 (41.6)	36 (30.3)	66 (43.4)	22 (28.9)	10 (32.3)	3 (15.0)	11 (42.3)	11 (47.8)
Unknown	75 (35.9)	49 (41.2)	55 (36.2)	38 (50.0)	13 (41.9)	4 (20.0)	7 (26.9)	7 (30.4)
Missing	55	24	44	18	3	1	8	5

Data are shown as n (%) or median [range].

¹Highest level attended.

²Current smokers: patients who were smoking at enrollment and had smoked 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. Former smokers: Patients who were not smoking at enrollment but had smoked 100 cigarettes in their lifetime.

³Extraintestinal manifestations observed: For the Crohn’s disease population–arthralgia (reported in all regions), arthritis (in the Southeast and Northeast/Midwest), sacroiliitis (only in the Southeast), erythema nodosum (only in the Southeast), pyoderma gangrenosum (only in the Southeast), uveitis (only in the Southeast), cholelithiasis (only in the Southeast), nephrolithiasis (only in the Southeast), hypertension (only in the Southeast), other (not specified) (reported in all regions); for the Ulcerative colitis population–arthralgia (reported in the Southeast and Northeast/Midwest), arthritis (only in the Southeast), sacroiliitis (in the South and Northeast/Midwest), pyoderma gangrenosum (only in the Northeast/Midwest), psoriasis (only in the Southeast), uveitis (only in Southeast), sclerosing cholangitis (in the Southeast and South), nephrolithiasis (only in Southeast), hypertension (in Southeast and Northeast/Midwest), other (not specified) (in the Southeast and South).

⁴Steroid-dependent disease: Patients who either (1) were unable to reduce steroid use to below the equivalent of prednisolone 10 mg/d within 3 mo of starting steroids, without recurrent disease; or (2) had a relapse within 3 mo of stopping glucocorticoids; steroid-refractory disease: Active disease despite the use of up to 0.75 mg/kg/d of prednisolone over 4 wk. CD: Crohn’s disease; EIM: Extraintestinal manifestations; UC: Ulcerative colitis; IBD: Inflammatory bowel diseases.