Risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with autoimmune diseases undergoing non-tumor necrosis factor-targeted biologics

Table 3 The risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with Janus kinase inhibitors

Ref.	Number of HBV patients	Serology for HBV infectious	Disease	Drugs	Prophylaxis	Follow-up	HBV reactivation
Chen et al[66], 2018	81	(1) 6 CHB; and (2) 75 resolved HBV. HBV-DNA at baseline (-) but viral load was assessed in 53 patients with resolved HBV	RA	Tofacitinib	Yes: 2 patients with CHB	3-6 mo	(1) 2 patients with CHB without prophylaxis (1 patient developed hepatitis); and (2) 0
Serling-Boyd et al[67], 2021	8	8 resolved HBV. HBV-DNA was assessed in 6 patients, but viral loads were not available	7 RA, 1 PsA	Tofacitinib	Yes: 2 patients	3.1 yr	0
Harigai et al[62], 2020	215	215 resolved HBV. HBV-DNA (-) at baseline in 30 patients with resolved HBV who had detectable post-baseline HBV-DNA	RA	Baricitinib	NA	2.7 yr	8 patients with resolved HBV had HBV-DNA ≥ 29 IU/mL (4 patients med the criteria of HBVr in this study, no hepatitis)

If a study included both of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and those with resolved HBV, we labeled the former with (1) and the latter with (2) in the column with HBV status. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; CHB: Chronic HBV; PsA: Psoriatic arthritis; RA: Rheumatoid arthritis; NA: Not available; HBVr: Hepatitis B virus reactivation.