Totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy using the modified overlap method and conventional open total gastrectomy: A comparative study

Table 1 Patient clinical characteristics

Variable	Total set (n = 282)		P value	SD	PSM set (1:1) (n = 122)		P value	SD
	TLTG (n = 151)	OTG (n = 131)			TLTG (n = 61)	OTG (n = 61)
Age (yr)	60.74 ± 11.55	59.11 ± 11.02	0.231	0.144	58.30 ± 11.26	58.70 ± 10.65	0.841	0.037
Gender			0.257	0.136			0.847	0.035
Male	94 (62.25)	90 (68.70)			40 (65.57)	41 (67.21)
Female	57 (37.75)	41 (31.30)			21 (34.43)	20 (32.79)
BMI (kg/m²)	24.57 ± 3.25	23.69 ± 3.21	0.023	0.273	24.01 ± 2.98	23.98 ± 2.73	0.957	0.010
ASA score			0.859	0.044			0.885	0.073
I	30 (19.87)	26 (19.85)			13 (21.31)	14 (22.95)
II	114 (75.50)	97 (74.05)			46 (75.41)	44 (72.13)
III	7 (4.64)	8 (6.11)			2 (3.28)	3 (4.92)
Number of comorbidities			0.068	0.222			0.655	0.083
0-2	137 (90.73)	126 (96.18)			59 (75.41)	44 (72.13)
> 2	14 (9.27)	5 (3.82)			2 (3.28)	3 (4.92)
Combined operation			0.176	0.161			> 0.999	0
No	136 (90.07)	111 (84.73)			55 (90.16)	55 (90.16)
Yes	15 (9.93)	20 (15.27)			6 (9.84)	6 (9.84)
History of abdominal surgery			0.061	0.254			0.846	0.103
No	120 (79.47)	102 (77.86)			50 (81.97)	48 (78.69)
Minor surgery	24 (15.89)	14 (10.69)			6 (9.84)	6 (9.84)
Major surgery	7 (4.64)	15 (11.45)			5 (8.20)	7 (11.48)
Tumor size (mm, median)	31 (22, 46)	64 (36, 85)	< 0.001	0.841	39 (27, 62)	50 (28, 68)	0.865	0.028
Pathologic tumor stage			< 0.001	1.012			0.824	0.085
I	109 (72.19)	38 (29.01)			31 (50.82)	33 (54.10)
II	28 (18.54)	41 (31.30)			19 (31.15)	19 (31.15)
III	14 (9.27)	52 (39.69)			11 (18.03)	9 (14.75)

Values are expressed as mean ± SD or n (%). PSM: Propensity score matching; BMI: Body mass index; ASA score: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification; TLTG: Totally laparoscopic gastrectomy; OTG: Open total gastrectomy.