Immune disorders and rheumatologic manifestations of viral hepatitis

Table 1 Cases of vasculitis in hepatitis A

Case	Dan et al[21]	Press et al[22]	Nassih et al[23]	Chemli et al[24]	Mohan et al[25]	Altınkaynak et al[26]
Age, yr	30	2	8	10	< 1	10
Sex	Female	Female	Female	Male	Female	Male
Diagnosis	CNV	CNV	CGV	HSP	HSP	HSP
Body temperature	N	N/A	N	N/A	Mild fever	N
Time of the onset after the onset of hepatitis	2 wk	N/A	8 wk	3 d after admission to hospital	During the first month of illness	2 wk
Second wave of hepatitis	-	N/A	-	-	-	-
Pruritus	+	N/A	+	+	-	-
Jaundice	+	N/A	+	N/A	+	+
Rash	EPR over the hips, but also involving the buttocks and arms, and rare petechiae	Ecchymotic lesions	PP on the legs, forearms, and the back	PP on the declivous regions	Bluish PP on both lower limbs, swelling over dorsum of hands and feet	PP on the legs and on the gluteal regions.
Joints	N	N/A	Arthritis in the knees	Arthralgia	Arthritis in the right knee	Arthralgia
GN	No	N/A	Dipstick test was positive to proteins (2+) and blood (3+)	No	No	No
Gut	N	N/A	N	Abdominal pain	Small amount of blood in stool	Abdominal pain
RF	N/A	N/A	Negative	N/A	Negative	Negative
ANA	N/A	N/A	Negative	N/A	Negative	Negative
WBC, 109/L	6.3	N/A	7.2	N/A	↑	9.9
CRP, mg/L	N/A	N/A	38	N/A	N/A	N
Platelets, 109/L	408	N/A	N/A	N/A	N	416
ESR, mm/h	80	N/A	80	N/A	N/A	N/A
Cryoglobulins	N/A	N/A	IgM, IgA, and IgG	N/A	N/A	N/A
Transaminases	↑	N/A	↑	↑	↑	↑
Complement	N	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N
Skin biopsy	LCV with deposition of IgM and C3	Necrotizing vasculitis with fibrin thrombi	LCV	N/A	LCV	N/A
Treatment	N/A	GC	GC	N/A	Analgetics	N/A

ANA: Antinuclear antibodies; CNV: Cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis; CRP: C-reactive protein; CGV: Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis; EPR: Erythematous papular rash; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; GN: Glomerulonephritis; GC: Glucocorticoids; HSP: Henoch-Schonlein purpura; LCV: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis; N: Normal; N/A: No available; PP: Palpable purpura; RF: Rheumatoid factor.