Protective effect and mechanisms of action of Mongolian medicine Sulongga-4 on pyloric ligation-induced gastroduodenal ulcer in rats

Figure 3 Expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, prostaglandin E2 and epidermal growth factor in the gastric tissue from rats in different groups, and determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data are means ± standard error (n = 10-12). A: Tumor necrosis factor-α; B: Interleukin-1β; C: Prostaglandin E2; D: Epidermal growth factor. ^aP < 0.05 vs the sham group; ^bP < 0.05 and ^cP < 0.01 vs the pyloric ligation (PL) group, respectively. Sham: Sham surgery; SL-4: Sulongga-4 decoction.