Surrogate markers of mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review

Table 2 Synthetic presentation of data on serum marker performance in detecting mucosal healing

Ref.	Study type	Investigated marker	MH definition	CU/CD	Number of patients	AUC	95%CI	Sn (%)	Sp (%)	Cutoff level
Shinzaki et al[40]	Prospective cohort	LRG	Matts = 1-2 (MH); Matts = 1/MES = 0 (complete MH)	CU	129	0.849; 0.759	NA	NA	NA	NA
Dierckx et al[39]	Case control pilot study	GlycA	MES = 0-1; SES-CD ≤ 2	CU + CD	58 + 10 healthy controls	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Neubauer et al[36]	Prospective cohort	S-Nampt	MES = 0-1; NA for CD	CU + CD	240 + 40 non-IBD controls	0.768	0.67-0.85	76	75	≤ 1.54 ng/mL
Planell et al[35]	Cross-sectional cohort + case control	HP	MES = 0	UC	126 + 20 healthy controls + 16	0.75	0.64-0.85	63.5	80	-2.9 DCt
Nakov et al[32]	Prospective cohort	TTF3	MES = 0; UCEIS = 0	UC		0.927	0.877-0.976	87.9	86.9	6.74
Budzynska et al[34]	Prospective cohort	NGAL	MES = 0-1; SES-CD = 3-7	UC + CD	120	0.79;0.608	0.65-0.93; NA	96; 48	50; 83	43.6 ng/mL; 72.5 ng/mL
Wakai et al[38]	Retrospective cohort	Serum amyloid A	MES = 0-1	UC	108	0.807	0.748-0.867	72.2	85	< 5.8

UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease; LRG: Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein; GlycA: Glycoprotein acetylation; Nampt: Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; HP: Haptoglobin; TFF3: Trefoil factor 3; NGAL: Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; NA: Not available; SES-CD: Simple endoscopic score for Crohn’s disease; AUC: Area under the curve; CI: Confidence interval; Sn: Sensitivity; Sp: Specificity.