Risk perception and knowledge of COVID-19 in patients with celiac disease

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study population

Demographic	CeD, n = 10737
Age (years), median (IQR)	41 (28-57)
Gender, n (%)	10646 (99.2)
Male	1575 (14.8)
Female	9017 (84.7)
CeD diagnosis, n (%)	10570 (98.4)
Bloodwork1	1304 (12.1)
Biopsy	1334 (12.4)
Bloodwork + biopsy	7506 (69.9)
Unsure	426 (4.0)
Years since diagnosis, median (IQR)	7 (3-13)
Member of celiac association, n (%)	2766 (25.8)
Diet, n (%)
Unrestricted	61 (0.6)
Other restrictions-non gluten	29 (0.3)
GFD-sometimes	118 (1.1)
GFD-most of the time	283 (2.6)
GFD-rare intentional gluten	418 (3.9)
GFD-rare accidental gluten	1566 (14.6)
GFD-possible cross-contamination	1136 (10.6)
Strict GFD	7052 (65.7)
Years diet restriction, Median (IQR)	7 (3-12)
Any household member following GFD, n (%)	2688 (25.0)
Some members	1949 (18.2)
All members	409 (3.8)
Other	221 (2.1)
Management of CeD symptoms, n (%)
Well controlled	7336 (68.3)
Symptoms < 2 mo	2362 (22.0)
Symptoms > 2 mo	938 (8.7)
Travel outside of the country2, n (%)	202 (1.9)
Contact with COVID-19 positive, n (%)	175 (1.6)
Tested for COVID-19, n (%)	478 (4.5)
Fever2, n (%)	252 (2.3)
Respiratory symptoms2, n (%)	1124 (10.5)
Hospitalizations for respiratory infection2, n (%)	21 (0.2)
Comorbidities, n (%)
Chronic lung condition	708 (6.6)
Chronic heart condition	376 (3.5)
Diabetes	413 (3.8)
Receiving steroids	322 (3.0)
Receiving immune suppressive medications	393 (3.7)
Pregnancy, n (%)	96 (0.9)
Information about COVID-19 in celiac disease
Internet	2942 (27.4)
My doctor	291 (2.7)
Other healthcare providers	313 (2.9)
Celiac association website	2465 (23.0)
Other	731 (6.8)

¹Bloodwork includes celiac disease-specific serology anti-tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin (Ig) A, and/or anti-deaminated gliadin IgA/IgG, and/or anti-endomysial antibodies IgA.

²In the last month. CeD: Celiac disease; IQR: Interquartile range; GFD: Gluten-free diet; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019.