Copyright
©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2021; 27(1): 19-36
Published online Jan 7, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i1.19
Published online Jan 7, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i1.19
Table 1 Common characteristics and comparative features in five members of human hepatitis viruses
HAV | HBV | HCV | HDV1 | HEV | |
Family; Genus | Picornaviridae Hepatovirus | Hepadnavirida Orthohepadnavirus | Flaviviridae Hepacivirus | Deltaviridae Deltavirus | Hepeviridae Orthohepevirus |
Discovery2; Frequency | 1983 Highest in AH | 1979 Highest in CH | 1989 Second in CH | 1986 Less in CH | 1990 Less in AH |
Genome3; Length; Diameter4; Envelope5; Receptor | Linear ssRNA; 7500 nt; 27-32 nm; Quasi-envelope; Unknown | Circular dsDNA; 3200 nt; 42 nm; Envelope; NTCP, HSP | Linear ssRNA; 9600 nt; 55-65 nm; Envelope; CD81, SR-BI | Circular ssRNA; 1700 nt; 36-43 nm; Envelope; NTCP, HSP | Linear ssRNA; 7200 nt; 30-34 nm; Quasi-envelope; Unknown |
Incubation; Age6; Course | 14-30 d; Children; Acute | 30-180 d; Any; Acute/chronic | 14-180 d; Any; Acute/chronic | 14-160 d; Any; Acute/chronic7 | 14-70 d; Adults; Acute |
Route of spread | Enteric, sexual | Parental, sexual, vertical | Parental, sexual | Parental, sexual, vertical | Enteric, vertical, parenteral |
Hepatitis diagnosis | Anti-HAV IgM | Anti-HBc IgM, HBs antigen, DNA by PCR | Anti-HCV IgG, RNA by PCR | Anti-HDV IgM, RNA by PCR | Anti-HEV IgM, RNA by PCR |
Vaccine; Post-exp; Av agent | Available; Ig/vaccine; Not available | Available; Ig/vaccine; NA, IFN-α | Not available; Not effective; DAA agent | HBV vaccine; Not available; IFN-α | Available in China; Not available; Not available |
FH8; LC/HCC; Prognosis9 | Very rare; Nil; Full recovery | Very rare; Yes; Chronic carrier | Extremely rare; Yes; High carrier rate | Yes; Yes; Chronic carrier | Yes; Nil; Full recovery |
- Citation: Wang CR, Tsai HW. Human hepatitis viruses-associated cutaneous and systemic vasculitis. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27(1): 19-36
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v27/i1/19.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v27.i1.19