Effect of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 powder consumption on the gut microbiota and intestinal health of overweight adults

Table 9 Composition of gut microbiota (based on the most abundant in phylum population) in the probiotic-treated and placebo groups before and after ingestion period

No.	Phylum	Group	Baseline period	Ingestion period	P valuea
1	Firmicutes	Probiotic-treated	69.90 ± 15.95	64.13 ± 15.22	0.037a
		Placebo	70.66 ± 14.41	65.30 ± 14.52	0.153
2	Bacteroidetes	Probiotic-treated	20.63 ± 11.49	28.27 ± 14.26	0.008a
		Placebo	21.30 ± 12.72	26.71 ± 13.93	0.045a
3	Actinobacteria	Probiotic-treated	6.11 ± 5.37	5.07 ± 5.48	0.237
		Placebo	5.55 ± 4.90	4.63 ± 3.61	0.453
4	Proteobacteria	Probiotic-treated	2.87 ± 6.39	2.04 ± 6.05	0.491
		Placebo	1.84 ± 4.32	1.69 ± 3.77	0.572
5	Fusobacteria	Probiotic-treated	0.23 ± 0.57	0.34 ± 0.86	0.701
		Placebo	0.20 ± 0.94	1.58 ± 6.57	0.044a
6	Verrucomicrobia	Probiotic-treated	0.13 ± 0.57	0.04 ± 1.66	0.028a
		Placebo	0.35 ± 0.19	0.02 ± 0.07	0.024a
7	Cyanobacteria	Probiotic-treated	0.09 ± 0.29	0.07 ± 0.21	0.537
		Placebo	0.06 ± 0.24	0.04 ± 0.10	0.427
8	Lentisphaerae	Probiotic-treated	0.02 ± 0.05	0.01 ± 0.08	0.681
		Placebo	0.03 ± 0.02	0.03 ± 0.11	0.334
9	Elusimicrobia	Probiotic-treated	0.00 ± 0.01	0.00 ± 0.03	0.655
		Placebo	0.01 ± 0.02	0.00 ± 0.00	0.317
10	Synergistetes	Probiotic-treated	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.655
		Placebo	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.01	0.273

^aPaired t-test with significance level of 5%.