Associations between serum uric acid and hepatobiliary-pancreatic cancer: A cohort study

Table 3 Effect of serum uric acid on hepatobiliary-pancreatic cancer

Cancer	Group	Cases	Incidence1	HR (95%CI)
				Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Liver	Q1	42	5.76	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
	Q2	62	8.45	1.08 (0.72-1.60)	1.08 (0.73-1.61)	1.00 (0.67-1.50)
	Q3	62	8.58	0.90 (0.59-1.36)	0.90 (0.59-1.36)	0.79 (0.52-1.21)
	Q4	95	13.12	1.20 (0.80-1.81)	1.18 (0.79-1.78)	0.98 (0.64-1.49)
	Estimated HR (per 1 mg/dL)			1.08 (0.97-1.19)	1.06 (0.96-1.17)	1.01 (0.91-1.13)
Gallbladder	Q1	13	1.78	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
	Q2	15	2.05	1.02 (0.48-2.19)	1.01 (0.47-2.18)	0.98 (0.45-2.12)
	Q3	10	1.38	0.85 (0.37-1.97)	0.84 (0.36-1.93)	0.79 (0.33-1.86)
	Q4	18	2.49	1.52 (0.68-3.39)	1.45 (0.65-3.24)	1.32 (0.56-3.11)
	Estimated HR (per 1 mg/dL)			1.09 (0.87-1.35)	1.07 (0.86-1.33)	1.04 (0.82-1.31)
Biliary tract	Q1	11	1.51	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
	Q2	19	2.59	1.36 (0.64-2.89)	1.37 (0.65-2.93)	1.32 (0.61-2.89)
	Q3	27	3.74	1.64 (0.78-3.47)	1.69 (0.80-3.58)	1.48 (0.68-3.22)
	Q4	17	2.35	0.94 (0.41-2.15)	0.99 (0.43-2.27)	0.75 (0.31-1.82)
	Estimated HR (per 1 mg/dL)			0.92 (0.76-1.13)	0.94 (0.77-1.14)	0.85 (0.69-1.05)
Pancreas	Q1	76	10.43	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
	Q2	115	15.68	1.31 (0.97-1.75)	1.31 (0.98-1.76)	1.29 (0.96-1.73)
	Q3	155	21.45	1.68 (1.26-2.24)	1.69 (1.27-2.26)	1.61 (1.19-2.16)
	Q4	183	25.28	1.91 (1.42-2.58)	1.92 (1.43-2.59)	1.77 (1.29-2.42)
	Estimated HR (per 1 mg/dL)			1.15 (1.07-1.23)	1.15 (1.07-1.23)	1.12 (1.04-1.21)

Model 1 adjusted for gender, age, education, ethnic group and family history of cancer. Model 2 adjusted for gender, age, education, ethnic group, family history of cancer, alcohol intake, smoking status, annual household income, fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity. Model 3 additionally adjusted for body mass index based on model 2.

¹Per 100000 person years. HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.