Fatty liver is an independent risk factor for gallbladder polyps

Table 3 Univariable analysis of the risk factors for gallbladder polyps

Variables	OR	95%CI	P value
BMI (kg/m2)
< 23	1.000
≥ 23, < 25	1.050	0.893-1.235	0.552
≥ 25	0.935	0.806-1.085	0.378
Waist circumference (cm)
≤ 90 (male), ≤ 80 (female)	1.000
> 90 (male), > 80 (female)	1.057	0.925-1.208	0.413
Hypertension
No	1.000
Yes	1.019	0.896-1.159	0.776
Diabetes
No	1.000
Yes	0.861	0.685-1.081	0.197
Metabolic syndrome
No	1.000
Yes	0.975	0.836-1.139	0.753
AST (IU/L)	0.991	0.986-0.996	0.001
ALT (IU/L)	0.994	0.991-0.998	0.001
Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)	0.997	0.994-1.001	0.100
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (IU/L)	0.999	0.997-1.000	0.090
hs-CRP (mg/dL)	1.076	0.944-1.226	0.273
CEA (ng/mL)	1.018	0.956-1.085	0.574
CA19-9 (IU/mL)	0.998	0.992-1.004	0.549
HBsAg
No	1.000
Yes	1.255	0.885-1.779	0.203
HCV Ab
No	1.000
Yes	0.835	0.294-2.375	0.736
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
< 200	1.000
200-240	0.948	0.824-1.091	0.459
≥ 240	0.875	0.708-1.080	0.213
Triglyceride (mg/dL)
< 150	1.000
≥ 150	0.932	0.798-1.088	0.372
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
> 40 (male), > 50 (female)	1.000
≤ 40 (male), ≤ 50 (female)	1.041	0.887-1.223	0.621
Sarcopenia
No	1.000
Yes	0.797	0.616-1.031	0.084
Visceral fat area (cm2)
Quartile I (male < 81.8, female < 55.2)	1.000
Quartile II (male 81.8-100.8, female 55.2-71.6)	1.069	0.890-1.283	0.477
Quartile III (male 100.8-121.8, female 71.6-92.5)	0.951	0.793-1.140	0.585
Quartile IV (male > 121.8, female > 92.5)	0.853	0.721-1.010	0.066
Fatty liver
No	1.000
Yes	1.178	1.035-1.340	0.013

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence level; BMI: Body mass index; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; hs-CRP: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; HBsAg: Hepatitis B virus surface antigen; HCV Ab: Hepatitis C virus antibody; HDL: High-density lipoprotein.