Hepatocellular carcinoma after direct-acting antiviral hepatitis C virus therapy: A debate near the end

Table 2 Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma incidence after direct-acting antiviral treatment

Ref.	Type of study	Patient (n) and characteristics	Follow-up time	Recurrent HCC incidence
Reig et al[13]	Retrospective study	DAA-treated (n = 103)	Mean FU: 5.7 mo	27.6%
Conti et al[14]	Retrospective study	DAA-treated (n = 59)	Mean FU: 5.6 mo	28.8%
ANRS CO22 HEPATHER[64]	Prospective study	DAA-treated (n = 189), untreated (n = 78)	Mean FU: 20.2 mo	0.73 per 100 person-months
ANRS CO12 CirVir[64]	Prospective study	All biopsy proven cirrhotic patients, DAA-treated (n = 13), untreated (n = 66)	Median FU: 21.3 mo (IQR: 13.0-33.5)	1.11 per 100 person-months
ANRS CO23 CUPILT[64]	Prospective study	LT recipients for HCC, treated with DAA (n = 314)	Mean FU: 70 ± 64 mo after LT	2.2%
Cabibbo et al[65]	Prospective study	DAA-treated (n = 143)	Mean FU: 8.7 mo	20.3%
Lin et al[59]	Retrospective study	DAA-treated (n = 60), untreated (n = 47)	Median FU: 20 mo	37.1%
Singal et al[60]	Retrospectivestudy	DAA-treated (n = 304), IFN-treated (n = 489)	Median FU: 10.4 mo (IQR: 5.3-20.8) since complete remission	DAA treated 42.1%, untreated 52.9%
Nagata et al[62]	Retrospectivestudy	DAA-treated (n = 83), IFN-treated (n = 60)	Mean FU: IFN 81.6 mo, DAA 21.6 mo	IFN-treated 54.2%, DAA- treated 45.1%
Imai et al[63]	Retrospective study	DAA-treated (n = 13), IFN-treated (n = 34), untreated (n = 70)	N/A

DAA: Direct-acting antivirals; FU: Follow-up; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; IFN: Interferon; IQR: Interquartile range; LT: Liver transplant; N/A: Not available.