Real-world cost-effectiveness associated with infliximab maintenance therapy for moderate to severe Crohn’s disease in China

Table 4 Summary of the multivariable regression analyses for health resources utilization in the included moderate to severe Crohn’s disease patients

Outcome type	Outpatient visits					Hospital admissions related to active disease					Hospital stay length related to active disease
Regression analysis method	Poisson regression analysis					Poisson regression analysis					Linear regression analysis
Independent variables	Sample size	Coefficient	95%CI		P value	Sample size	Coefficient	95%CI		P value	Sample size	Coefficient	95%CI		P value
			Lower	Upper				Lower	Upper				Lower	Upper
IMT vs CMT	238	-0.564	-0.703	-0.425	0.000	291	-0.074	-0.276	0.128	0.470	389	-4.725	-7.112	-2.337	0.000
BMI
< 18.5						291	0.244	-0.122	0.643	0.209	389	5.510	1.587	9.433	0.006b
18.5-23.9						291	-0.020	-0.382	0.375	0.917	389	-0.759	-4.449	2.932	0.686
Lifestyles
Smoker	238	0.073	-0.231	0.355	0.623
Residence area
Urban city	238	0.693	0.558	0.830	0.000
Insurance plan
Urban workers	238	-0.070	-0.230	0.092	0.392
Urban residents	238	-0.442	-0.696	-0.196	0.001b
Disease site at diagnosis
Terminal ileum	238	0.113	-0.086	0.314	0.268						389	-2.100	-5.085	0.884	0.167
Colon
Ileocolon	238	0.128	-0.057	0.317	0.179						389	-2.505	-5.099	0.089	0.058
End ileum + upper digestive tract						291	0.222	-0.359	0.731	0.421
Ileocolon + upper digestive tract	238	0.502	0.162	0.825	0.003b	291	0.253	-0.218	0.670	0.263
History of CD-related complications
Pyloric obstruction	238	-0.247	-1.698	0.815	0.690	291	0.819	0.080	1.450	0.018a
Intestinal fistula	238	0.028	-0.272	0.312	0.850
Intestinal obstruction	238	0.372	0.183	0.555	0.000
Extraintestinal abscess											389	11.363	4.696	18.030	0.001b
Anal fistula						291	0.241	0.007	0.468	0.040a	389	-0.316	-2.710	2.078	0.795
Perianal abscess						291	0.150	-0.091	0.383	0.214
Extraintestinal manifestations
Joint pain	238	-0.438	-0.919	-0.013	0.057
Mouth ulcers	238	-0.465	-0.936	-0.053	0.038a
History of CD-related surgery	238	-0.117	-0.291	0.054	0.184
Comorbidities
HP infection	238	1.168	0.588	1.672	0.000
Rhinitis	238	1.439	0.221	2.966	0.034a
Gallbladder disease	238	-0.233	-0.640	0.133	0.235
Tuberculosis											389	6.773	-2.555	16.100	0.154
Peritonitis	238	1.986	1.438	2.471	0.000	291	0.872	-0.321	1.759	0.091	389	53.048	32.426	73.671	0.000
Abdominal abscess	238	NA	NA	NA	NS	291	NA	NA	NA	NS	389	NA	NA	NA	NS
fracture						291	1.213	0.030	2.080	0.017a
Osteoporosis	238	-0.159	-1.626	0.945	0.802
Muscle atrophy											389	45.956	23.426	68.486	0.000
Arrhythmia	238	-1.109	-2.919	0.055	0.123
Hepatitis B virus carriers	238	-0.358	-1.062	0.235	0.275

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01. BMI: Body mass index; CD: Crohn’s disease; CI: Confidence interval; CMT: Conventional maintenance therapy; IMT: Infliximab maintenance therapy; NA: Not available; NS: Not significant.