New strain of Pediococcus pentosaceus alleviates ethanol-induced liver injury by modulating the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid metabolism

Figure 4 Alterations in the bacterial diversity and microbial composition. A: Principal co-ordinates analysis plot of the microbiomes of different groups; each symbol represents one sample; B: Shannon diversity indices among the three groups; C: The relative abundance of taxa at the phylum level; D: The relative abundance of taxa at the genus level. All data are presented as means ± SE. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001 vs the Control group. ^dP < 0.05, ^eP < 0.01, ^fP < 0.001 vs the EtOH group. PC: principal co-ordinates; P. pentosaceus: Pediococcus pentosaceus.