Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cells through the phosphatase and tensin homolog /Akt/ cyclooxygenase-2 signaling pathway

Figure 2 Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. A and B: Dose- and time-dependent effects of acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) on BGC823 and SGC7901 cell proliferation; C: Flow cytometry-based annexin V-FITC/PI labeling of apoptotic cells; D: Histogram showing apoptosis rates; E: Expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, and Bax in BGC823 and SGC7901 cells measured via Western blot analysis after AKBA treatment; F and G: Histograms showing the relative expression levels of PCNA, Bcl-2, and Bax compared with GAPDH in BGC823 and SGC7901 cells. Each data point represents the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs control (0 µM). ^cP < 0.05, ^dP < 0.01 vs control (24 h). AKBA: Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid; PCNA: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen; GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase.