Periodontitis combined with smoking increases risk of the ulcerative colitis: A national cohort study

Table 2 The incidence and risk for inflammatory bowel disease in patients with periodontitis

		UC			CD
	n	UC	IR	aHR (95%CI)	CD	IR	aHR (95%CI)
Periodontitis
No	8857723	5224	7.1433	1 (ref.)	1300	1.7773	1 (ref.)
Yes	1092825	692	7.6730	1.091 (1.008-1.182)	126	1.3968	0.879 (0.731-1.057)

The incidence rate is represented by incident cases of ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease per 100000 person-years. The hazard ratio was adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol drinking, exercise, and income. UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease; IR: Incidence rate; aHR: Adjusted hazard ratio; CI: Confidence intervals.