Periodontitis combined with smoking increases risk of the ulcerative colitis: A national cohort study

doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i37.5661

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Oct 7, 2020 (publication date) through Feb 4, 2025

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

World J Gastroenterol. Oct 7, 2020; 26(37): 5661-5672
Published online Oct 7, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i37.5661

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

	Periodontitis	Non-periodontitis	P value
Patients, n	1092825	8857723
Age, yr (mean ± SD)	51.4 ± 12.9	46.6 ± 14.2	< 0.01
Age, 3 groups (%)			< 0.01
20-39	188805 (17.2)	2929998 (33.1)
40-64	719197 (65.8)	4810132 (54.3)
≥ 65	184823 (16.9)	1117593 (12.6)
Male (%)	604307 (55.3)	4844383 (54.7)
BMI, kg/m² (mean ± SD)	23.9 ± 3.1	23.7 ± 3.2	< 0.01
Waist circumference, cm (mean ± SD)	81.2 ± 8.8	80.1 ± 9.1	< 0.01
Cigarette smoking (%)			< 0.01
Nonsmoker	644790 (59.0)	5276142 (59.6)
Ex-smoker	188825 (17.3)	1238268 (14.0)
Current smoker	259210 (23.7)	2343313 (26.4)
Drinking (%)			< 0.01
Non	597901 (54.7)	4528675 (51.1)
Mild	423429 (38.8)	3718,835 (42.0)
Heavy	71495 (6.5)	610213 (6.9)
Exercise; yes (%)	572684 (52.4)	4544197 (51.3)	< 0.01
Income; low (less than 20% of total population) (%)	274356 (25.1)	2347661 (26.5)	< 0.01
Underlying illness			< 0.01
Hypertension (%)	338855 (31.0)	2220906 (17.8)
Systolic BP, mmHg (mean ± SD)	123.1 ± 15.0	122.3 ± 14.9
Diastolic BP, mmHg (mean ± SD)	76.6 ± 10.0	76.3 ± 10.0
Dyslipidemia (%)	244342 (22.4)	1574251 (17.8)
Diabetes (%)	131663 (12.1)	734481 (8.3)
Initial laboratory findings
Glucose, mg/dL (mean ± SD)	99.6 ± 25.3	96.8 ± 22.6	< 0.01
Total cholesterol, mg/dL (mean ± SD)	196.8 ± 37.0	191.7 ± 35.4	< 0.01
GGT, IU/L (median and 95%CI)	28.5 (28.4–28.6)	27.4 (27.4–27.42)	< 0.01
Triglycerides, mg/dL (median and 95%CI)	117.9 (117.7–117.9)	113.2 (113.1–113.2)	< 0.01

SD: Standard deviation; BMI: Body mass index; BP: Blood pressure; GGT: Gamma glutamyltransferase; CI: Confidence interval.

Citation: Kang EA, Chun J, Kim JH, Han K, Soh H, Park S, Hong SW, Moon JM, Lee J, Lee HJ, Park JB, Im JP, Kim JS. Periodontitis combined with smoking increases risk of the ulcerative colitis: A national cohort study. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26(37): 5661-5672
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v26/i37/5661.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v26.i37.5661